Convened by Dr.G., a Renegade Illuminati, convening Thee Temple, for knowledge, whimsy, and inspiration! Everything is true, nothing is forbidden!
Broadcast Thursdays at 89.5 FM KZCT in Vallejo, California, to a worldwide audience.
Introductory track: Covenant - Ritual Noise [youtube.com/watch?v=dnlGEQ1NUsk]
Meandering track: Spacemind - Memory Hole [youtube.com/watch?v=uL0mvPZuklM]
Science & Futurism
[futurism.com] [kurzweilai.net] [eurekalert.org]
* " ‘Stress vaccine’ that could mitigate PTSD & anxiety possible within next 15yrs" (2019-06-18, rt.com/news/462117-stress-vaccine-bacterium-breakthrough/) [archive.is/lHYsW]
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Space News
[astrobio.net]
* "From Fireballs to the Heart of Mordor: Best Astronomy Photographs on Display in London" (2019-06-18, sputniknews.com/photo/201906181075933135-investment-astronomy-photographer-2019/) [archive.is/KydFi]
- image caption: In this RGB image, the colour has been slightly increased, but it reveals the real appearance of Earth’s natural satellite. This photograph is a result of a high-resolution mosaic composed by four panels, each one made from 30 images combined together to reveal a sharp and detailed surface up to the lunar limb.
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The freezing (or sublimation) point of carbon dioxide (CO2) is -78.5 degrees Celsius, or -109.2 degrees Fahrenheit. There are no liquid lakes of CO2 on Mars.
* "How Similar is Water On Mars To Water On Earth?" (2011-08-06, ibtimes.com/how-similar-water-mars-water-earth-838697) [archive.is/5O1jb]
For example, the lakes shown in the following photo are independent of the solid structures standing around it, these structures are theorized to be frozen CO2 from sand dunes but exposed by high wind. Atmospheric pressure on Mars (or Earth) is much too low to have liquid CO2. The lakes are filled with a transparent liquid. The structures occupy a land region of several hundred kilometers square, are uniform but vary by region, and appear to be like plants in their growth, with the larger forms being directly next to the lakes.
* "MOC narrow-angle image R07-01100: Defrosting south polar terrain" (2004-04-20, msss.com/moc_gallery/r03_r09/images/R07/R0701100.html) [archive.is/4hLRp], full image [archive.is/xCLYs]
- [extract]:
- [extract]
The dunes may contain a lattice of heated, threaded material
* "Mars 'Dunes' in Infrared" (2007-12-23, marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2007/132/dunes-in-infrared.htm) [archive.is/XptrU]
* "Galle Cr. Dunes" (themis.asu.edu/zoom-20051212a) [archive.is/KUBGY]: These dunes are located on the floor of Galle Crater.
- full size image [archive.is/SdeLP]
- field surface image (viewer.mars.asu.edu/planetview/inst/themis/V16602008#P=V16602008&T=2) [archive.is/sQRXJ], full size image [archive.is/Uzwot]
* "Report #090: More Mars Forests & Lakes" (2005-08-13, by Joseph P. Skipper, marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2005/090/mars-forests-lakes.htm) [archive.is/ZvtN3]:
The science communities struggle so with the concept of liquid surface water and biological life as we are familiar with it on Mars. They intuitively suspect both are on Mars and can't quite let it go but at the same time believe it is quite impossible because the official foundation science data they've been fed tells them so. It is strange, naive and sadly pathetic that they cannot see what is right in front of their eyes in the visual data and so very obvious.
As an example, this is a combination report on forest and water evidence. The water evidence here is very much as we might expect it to be in our Earth experience. On the other hand, the forest evidence presented here will demonstrate strong differences as well as some similarities in comparison with our Earth experience and expectations.
The first part of this report starts off with the above first image from science data strip R09-03461 sampling of a forest of sorts as demonstrated by the dark areas. It qualifies as a forest because of its huge size, extensive coverage, carpeting density, spreading nature, and the simple fact that it is very much dynamic life rather than inanimate geology. The highly light reflective portion of the image of course represents terrain geology.
Because the dark mass life evidence here in my first three images is so dark and light absorbing and the very light color terrain is so bright and light reflective, it is difficult to strike a balance imaging detail wise between the two when trying to clarify these images from this strip. Too much lightening emphasis on the dark mass evidence revealing detail there creates way too much blinding white reflectivity washing out too much terrain detail. Alternatively too much emphasis on bringing out terrain detail wants to turn the already dark life evidence even darker obscuring important detail there. With the balance I've struck here, the key is to get your face closer to the computer screen to see slightly better surface texture detail in the dark life areas. But, the terrain detail is also important here too because it provides the context background on top of which the dark life form evidence exists and conforms in shape to. This relationship evidence helps determine the height and covering quality of the dark life and so it is desirable to preserve this visual evidence as well.
Now this first evidence isn't a forest as we normally think of one here on Earth as being full of different species of trees, bushes and plant life. This forest clearly consists of only one kind of life form species as noted by the lack of any visual evidence demonstrating any individual difference in shape and texture to the contrary. As you can see in the above visual evidence, it apparently advances and spreads by the establishment of multiple advance patches of itself on the forest's outer perimeter. These multiple patches then in turn spread 360º outward by what appears to be creeping and branching runners that then eventually fill in the terrain surface space around them and between the multiple patches. As you can also see by close examination in the inner dark solid dense area in the upper image, this life carpets and engulfs all open space eliminating any visual sign of the highly light reflective geological terrain evidence and leaving no chance for any other competing vegetation life form to establish itself within the merged mass.
Even so, I suspect that the presence of only one but clearly a flourishing form of life in visual evidence here is at least in part a function of the terrain itself. I suspect that this particular terrain may be hostile to most Mars life and the only one that can survive and flourish here is this specialized one that can adapt to this type of terrain and its chemical composition. Note that this life doesn't appear to be a very tall growing as might be the case with a typical Earth hard wood forest. Rather, it appears to be lower growing with a fine smoother and probably relatively soft surface texture like mold or moss that covers the terrain spreading out from these patches and generally conforming to the shape of the terrain that it covers.
In fact, except for scale, haven't we seen this look in a lab petri dish before? Think of it, we may actually be looking at a gigantic form of microbial bacteria collective colony life here like mold. If so, that would make this life unique and quite different relative to our Earth experience, at least scale wise.
The above second image is a closer view of a section of the edge of this forest as seen in the above first image just before too much increased blur begins to be too much of a negative factor obscuring finer detail. Careful examination reveals that there may be smaller harder components within this dark mass and that soft texture mold life as a concept that we are most familiar with may not quite adequately define this life form but I suspect it does still come very close.
Note that, although the general geological terrain is highly light reflective, no portion of the dark life mass has any light reflectivity at all. This tends to indicate that this life form is very small and fine textured in its great many component parts creating a porous surface texture of some depth absorbing light rather than reflecting it while at the same time being very large in its overall spreading mass. The relatively small file size of these R09-03461 strip based images tends to support such an assessment. The overall dark dull coloration is also no doubt a solar energy absorbing strategy and it is possible that this is a collective colony form of life similar to those brought to attention in some of my previous reports.
The above third image is of a isolated patch sitting alone like an island by itself lower down in the same science data strip. I've included it here because it shows the entire dark mass interior as well as its perimeter edge evidence quite well as compared to the much more massive forest areas with its broad boundary edges and solid carpeting interiors. Note that interior area light reflective ground geology is demonstrated in a few places within this mass and has not yet quite been engulfed and completely covered over. Obviously, this particular area isn't as well established (newer?) as the much larger and denser forest areas above this location.
Before leaving this particular type of massed Mars forest evidence, I want you to take a look at the R09-03461 narrow-angle strip's companion R09-03462 wide-angle context image strip on the right on the page that will open (msss.com/moc_gallery/r03_r09/images/R09/R0903461.html) [archive.is/1gFAN]. Note there the small white outline of the narrow-angle strip location within the wide-angle strip on the bordering edge of the extensively larger dark mass and its size. This will give you a good sense of the true size scale of the dark area forest in evidence here covering a very large hunk of terrain. That's a lot of territory for just one type of life form to cover and especially if this is some life we normally associate with a small petri dish scale wise here on Earth.
The above fourth image from a different science data strip R07-01100 demonstrates liquid surface water lake evidence. I've included this type of evidence because of course liquid (as differentiated from solid form ice) surface water and life as we may be familiar with it go hand in hand. Remember, the presence of liquid surface water conditions has the potential to enable the presence of such life.
These are clearly two well defined depressions in the ground and just as clearly are filled with a liquid. The flat self leveling quality so characteristic of liquid is clearly demonstrated by a faintly seen narrow band highly reflective shore around the lake perimeter edge and a irregular waterline butting up against the narrow-band sloped shore as pointed out by my arrows and labels in the above image. If you will examine this very closely, you can also see some faint liquid surface reflectivity as well. You should also be aware that there is another smaller water depression nearby to the upper right of these two sites in the strip but I elected not to image it here in this report as it is just redundant information.
Note that the interior contents of these two depressions are a very light and very bright color. One might assume that this may be because of the presence of highly reflective ice conditions. Such an assumption would conveniently in turn enable the perception and following arguments that this ice is probably CO2 ice. However that just isn't the case here. Note that the flat level interior surface and the obvious narrow band of sloped bare shore between the true liquid waterline and the darker background shore as pointed out by my labeling are both very light color. In my opinion, this is because of an application of light color semitransparent (opaque) smudge image tampering was mapped and applied equally to both the bare sloped shore narrow band and the flat water surface together.
Now, if it had been applied thick enough in enough layers, the evidence of flat level liquid waterline as differentiated from the narrow band of sloped shore evidence would have been merged together and eliminated. That is typical of how effectively obscuring water sites goes in this planetary Mars imaging as it has been released to us. Fortunately for us liquid water depth because of its transparency absorbs more light than it reflects and is normally a darker color preserving the water here as a very slightly darker color and thereby the faintly seen waterline demarcation line effect is preserved. Also, the narrow band of reflective sloped shore as above water terrain was already a lighter reflective color in the natural sunlight. So the tampering application made it even lighter maintaining to some extent the contrast difference between the water and narrow band of sloped shore to preserve the irregular waterline demarcation line.
This type of tampering is typical of how the visuals of the natural visual qualities of liquid surface water are hidden from view in the Mars satellite science data imaging. I have seen a great many much more effective applications, especially around and on the South Polar Cap itself. Most of the time these applications are successful at merging the water and shore into a false single flattened visual effect intended to and relatively effectively mimicking an ice field, at least as it appears in the compromised quality distant satellite imaging as released to us. Remember, if it can be made to appear to be solid form ice, then it can in turn be argued that it is CO2 ice rather than water ice. At the very least, doubt is introduced and, when in doubt, who are you going to believe a lone individual like me or the whole scientific world?
An example of the more effective, if not completely effective, use of such very similar liquid surface water lake image tampering application can be seen in my Report #086 titled "Mars South Polar Forest & Water Evidence" (marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2005/086/southpole-forest-water.htm) [archive.is/645e7] and specifically the closer view fourth image there. There the application layers are thick enough to merge and visually eliminate the water to shore demarcation line. The same type of evidence can again be seen, but much more effectively hidden, in my Report #026 titled "Dissecting A Water Find: Part #3" (2001-09-14, marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2001/026/water_part3.htm) [archive.is/gwzhy]. Also again in my Report #037 titled "More South Polar Cap Civilization Evidence (marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2002/037/s-capcivilization-part1.htm)" [archive.is/NncCE] in image #3, both demonstrating lake evidence.
Fortunately for us, natural liquid water transparency and thereby its color tint varies from site to site and even at the same site when viewed at different times of the day and solar light angle not to mention weather conditions and camera angle. So it is not easy to always get the image tampering application thickness just right. That is the case here where the image tampering application layers are just a little too lightly done to complete the process of obscuring the waterline as differentiated from the narrow band shoreline evidence. Both can still be faintly seen. The bright light color obscures much but not quite enough.
The above fifth image is actually just the fourth image inverted and without my labeling. The one thing that it does best is plainly reveal the presence of the flat level liquid surface in these two depression as well as a bit of the liquid transparency and reflectivity factors and of course the irregular shoreline/waterline created by the liquid. Here in this inverted image, the narrow band sloped shore appears as literally black and the water a not quite so dark in color. Remember, as I have previously reported, CO2 has solid (ice) and gas (vapor) physical states but no liquid state in open environs where expansion is possible. That means that, if you are satisfied that a liquid exists here in these two depressions, then the liquid evidence clearly cannot be CO2 because it has no such physical state.
That essentially leaves liquid surface water as the logical alternative. If it walks like a duck and quacks like a duck, then it is probably a duck. In other words, simple observational logic and an open mind is all that is required here, not rocket science. Note the look of these depressions. Note their flat level inner areas demonstrating irregular shorelines/waterlines. Although the distance is too great and such smaller evidence is too fuzzy resolution wise, note in the previous fourth image what appears likely to be dark vegetation of some kind clustering more thickly immediately around the depression's outer perimeters and thinning out quickly as it gets further away from the depressions. This is just as vegetation often behaves in our Earth experience around surface water sites.
Look familiar to you? It certainly does to me. In fact, this is so obvious that there really is no need for me to belabor the point further and so I'll move on.
There's one more piece of evidence. The above sixth image is from the same strip as the water lakes evidence. Does anything in this image look like bare geological terrain to you? Don't see any geology down there? That's because there isn't any visible to see. What we are looking at here is something so dense and tightly packed that it has covered over and completely blotted out the much more light reflective terrain visual evidence.
If in doubt and if you really want to know what the geological terrain in this locale looks like, you only have to look in the original science data strip R07-01100 (msss.com/moc_gallery/r03_r09/images/R07/R0701100.html) [archive.is/4hLRp] from which this forest and water lakes evidence is drawn. As you view moving down this long strip from top to bottom you will see what a mixture of scattered vegetation as well as what true higher reflectivity geological terrain looks like. Then, as you continue to move further down the strip, you will encounter this very dark area of the super dense vegetation, a section of which you see in the above sixth image. It's about 70% of the way down the strip. At the very bottom of the strip, you will find the water lakes evidence reported in my fifth image here including a smaller lake that I did not report on and image.
As you can see, what ever this is in the above sixth image, it carpets and completely covers this particular section of terrain allowing no view of the true more highly light reflective geological terrain under it. I think that there is no question that this evidence represents aggressive healthy competing life of some kind and almost certainly that life is vegetation forest very probably more typical of our Earth experience. What we are looking at is a great many individual objects down there. Further, the abnormally large file size of this particular image confirms that the graphics software is counting a great many individual objects down there.
So, although the forest evidence is very tightly packed tending to merge together into a great visual mass, it is definitely constituted by a great many fairly large individual objects with a appearance very much like tall trees tops as seen straight down from above. Note that there are different colors and shapes with differing light reflectivity qualities all mixed up in this mass, again very much like a Earth hard wood forest of trees of differing species and growth heights. For a look at similar fairly comparable Earth hard wood forest tops visual evidence as seen from above at different angles, go to my Report #086 titled "Mars South Polar Forest & Water Evidence" (marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2005/086/southpole-forest-water.htm) [archive.is/645e7] and image #3 there not to mention the whole report itself.
Compare the very likely tree evidence seen here in the above sixth image and that in Report #086 as well as others I've reported on with the forest evidence at the beginning of this report demonstrating the difference in types. The variety of the evidence indicates there are vegetation similarities between Mars and Earth but also some dramatic differences to, such as the evidence in the first part of this report, perhaps due to the differences in gravity, environment and history or even the accumulative impact of civilizations past and/or present.
In the first part of this report, what appears on the surface at first glance to be Mars vegetation may well be giant form mold colony, microbial, bacterial life rather than the type of biological vegetation plant life we are used to here on Earth. Take a look at another variation of this in my Report #087 titled "Mars South Polar Geysers are Life" on colony life (marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2005/087/south--polar-geysers.htm) [archive.is/ZbMkJ]. Even when it comes to true vegetation life in the form of plants and/or trees, take a look at my Report #019 titled "Giant Plant Species Found on Mars" (marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2001/019/colossal-trees.htm) [archive.is/KZXzU] demonstrating what appears to be colossal in size branching trees looking very much like gigantic palms as seen from above but far far larger than any tree found on Earth and which just may be incredibly ancient.
Remember, heavy CO2 conditions in general actually favor the kind of vegetation plant life we are familiar with here on Earth. Plant life of course utilizes CO2 and produces oxygen as their waste byproduct and the reverse is true of animal life striking the balance in Earth's atmosphere we are familiar with. The presence of old well established extensive forests on Mars as well as liquid surface water (H2O) would logically imply the likely presence of significantly more oxygen in the Mars atmosphere than officially reported. Has someone been manipulating this underlying key foundation science data that the science community uses so extensively?
Truly, in many ways Mars does appear to be a place of extremes in some of its aspects relative to our Earth experience. The official interpretation would have us believe that such extremes mostly take the form of a hostile environment consisting of hard freezing conditions, little to no water, no life, and a primarily a CO2 atmosphere hostile to Earth humans and most animal life as we know it. In other words, a world interesting only to scientists and/or academics and no need for you and I to be otherwise too concerned with it. As time goes by, you and I can trust our leadership to tell us what we need to know (aka what they want us to know) along and along as they deem fit to disseminate such information to us.
However, the growing discovery evidence record here increasingly indicates Mars may very well have a fair amount of liquid surface water including even very extensive South Polar seasonal liquid flood waters. This raises all kinds of questions as to the correctness of the officially reported Mars surface and atmospheric conditions foundation data. For example, the mere presence of liquid surface water seriously encourages the consideration of the possibility of life taking advantage of it. Further, the discovery evidence record here also demonstrates the presence of a variety of such life including both biological life as well as technologically advanced intelligent life.
It is a unfolding or unraveling story, depending on your point of view, of incredible dimension and implications. Just how long can this growing evidence and its implications be ignored?
DOCUMENTATION
- (http://www.msss.com/moc_gallery/r03_r09/images/R09/R0903461.html) [archive.is/1gFAN]: This link will take you to the R09-03461 official science data imaging that is the source of my 1-3 images in this report. While there please note the companion wide-angle R09-03462 image to see how extensive the dark color life evidence is in the wider context view.
- MOC narrow-angle image R09-03461
- MOC red wide-angle context image R09-03462
- (msss.com/moc_gallery/r03_r09/images/R07/R0701100.html) [archive.is/4hLRp]: This link will take you to the R07-01100 official science data imaging that is the source of my 4-6 images in this report. While there please note the companion wide-angle R07-01101 image but only to note the medium color obscuring dithering smudge over most of the upper part of this image obscuring the true terrain.
* "Mars South Polar Biological Life: Part 3" (2005-03-27, marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2005/085/southpolar-biological-life-3.htm) [archive.is/K9qxs]
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* "Mars water surprise in Curiosity rover soil samples" (2013-09-26, bbc.com/news/science-environment-24287207) [archive.is/4UJqX]
* "Water on Mars Provides Hope for Human Habitation" (2019-06-18, ancient-origins.net/news-science-space/water-mars-provides-hope-human-habitation-00867) [archive.is/U5zsJ] [begin excerpt]: The first sample of dust and soil analysed by NASA’s Curiosity Mars Rover in August 2012 was found to contain a substantial amount of water . This discovery provided new hope that a manned mission to Mars would be able to succeed.
Scientists have confirmed that the soil sample contained about two percent water, a fairly remarkable figure for an apparently cold, lifeless world.
“If you are a human explorer, this is really good news because you can quite easily extract water from almost anywhere,” said Dr. Laurie Leshin, a mission researcher affiliated with Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in New York.
“If you take about a cubic foot of this dirt and just heat it a little bit—a few hundred degrees—you’ll actually get off about two pints of water,” Dr. Leshin explained. This would be about half the amount required to meet the needs of the average person in a single day, and this level of soil saturation is believed to be typical for the red planet.
Based on this discovery, it seems that human explorers visiting Mars could bake enough water out of the soil to meet a significant portion of their needs. But this wouldn’t be their only option. They could also obtain water in the form of ice. [end excerpt]
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* "New Research Reveals How Cotton Candy Clouds Are Conceived on Mars; On planet Earth, water molecules stick to tiny grains of sea salt or dust blown into the air to form white clouds. However, when it comes to Mars, the presence of mid-atmospheric clouds has long remained a mystery to scientists" (2019-06-18, sputniknews.com/science/201906181075935451-new-research-reveals-how-cotton-candy-clouds-conceived-mars/) [archive.is/sdwkN]
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* "Bam! Fresh Crater Spied on Mars — and It Looks Spectacular; The crater is about 50 feet wide" (2019-06-17, space.com/mars-fresh-crater-nasa-mro-photo-2019.html) [archive.is/5V59G]
[begin excerpt]: While MRO captures hundreds of these new dark smudges a year, said HiRISE team member and University of Arizona staff scientist Veronica Bray, this new crater is on the larger side of the ones that she has ever seen. That means the impact that created it was a fairly rare event, at least as far as we know from 13 years of MRO's continuous observing. [...]
"It is a reminder of what's out there," Bray, a HiRISE targeting specialist who imaged this new crater, told Space.com. She said that Mars is a dynamic place, complete with shifting sand dunes and whirling dust devils, but she finds craters the most interesting Red Planet surface features.
"It's a gorgeous [crater]. I'm glad I got it in the color strip," she said.
Bray added that the color of this particular crater fascinates her, because she can see the impact wave clearly — a dark zone where dust was shifted off the surface. Beneath is likely basaltic rock, based on what we know of Mars geology and the colors showing in the image. There also are zones with a bluish tint, which may or may not be exposed ice. While the crater was blasted in the Valles Marineris region, near the relatively warm Martian equator, it's possible there could be a little ice underneath the dust, Bray said. [end excerpt]
* " 'Never Seen Anything Like It': New Black and Blue Mars Crater Leaves Scientists in Awe; The crater, believed to have been formed in the last three years or so, is the second peculiar discovery on Mars in a week's time, and follows reports about a Martian land formation which looks suspiciously similar to the Starfleet logo from Star Trek" (2019-06-18, sputniknews.com/science/201906181075942776-never-seen-anything-like-it-black-and-blue-mars-crater-leaves-scientists-in-awe-photo/) [archive.is/jiURj]
- image caption: Crater which recently appeared on the surface of Mars / full-size (https://static.uahirise.org/hipod/ESP_059635_1635.jpg) [archive.is/7dRMW]
* "HiPOD: 6 June 2019" (NASA/JPL/University of Arizona, 2019-06-06, uahirise.org/hipod/ESP_059635_1635) [archive.is/Jy84r]:
A Work of Art
An impressionist painting? No, it’s a new impact crater that has appeared on the surface of Mars, formed at most between September 2016 and February 2019. What makes this stand out is the darker material exposed beneath the reddish dust. (Special thanks to Nahúm Méndez Chazarra.)
ID: ESP_059635_1635
date: 17 April 2019
altitude: 255 km
Observation details page:"Candidate Recent Impact Site" (uahirise.org/ESP_059635_1635) [archive.is/xupN6], (uahirise.org/ESP_059279_1635) [archive.is/772Z0]
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* "Say Cheese! NASA Snaps Closest View Ever of Asteroid Bennu; The US’ National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) recently released a new image of asteroid Bennu, which offers a stunning, detailed look at the flying rock as it makes its way through the cosmos" (2019-06-19, sputniknews.com/science/201906191075966924-say-cheese-nasa-snaps-closest-view-ever-of-asteroid-bennu-photo/) [archive.is/gvX5i]
- image caption: NASA releases close-up image of asteroid Bennu, which was captured on June 13, 2019, after Orbital B Insertion.
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* " ‘Like Nothing Humanity Has Ever Seen’: NASA Reveals PHOTO of Mountain on Dwarf Planet Ceres; NASA launched its Dawn spacecraft in 2015 to travel to the icy dwarf planet Ceres, making the local celestial body the first of its kind to be visited" (2019-06-20, sputniknews.com/science/201906201075970741-like-nothing-humanity-has-ever-seen-nasa-reveals-photo-of-mountain-on-dwarf-planet-ceres/) [archive.is/ZjfUB] [begin excerpt]:
The mountain reportedly reaches a height of over 13,000 feet, just under half of the height of Earth’s largest mountain, Mount Everest, at 29,029 feet. The massive anomaly is adorned with strange slopes with interesting vertical streaks.
It is currently unknown what caused its formation, but NASA offered a theory in a statement: "Based on numerous gravity measurements, a bubble of mud rose from deep within the dwarf planet and pushed through the icy surface at a weak point rich in reflective salt — and then froze."
The portion of the dwarf planet where Ahuna Mons is located “is not solid and rigid, but moving and at least partially fluid," said Wladimir Neumann of the DLR Institute of Planetary Research in Berlin-Adlershof and the University of Münster, in a news release on the DLR official website.
“In this region, "This ‘bubble’ that formed in the mantle of Ceres beneath Ahuna Mons is a mixture of saline water and rock components." Neumann said.
Using information gleaned by the Dawn spacecraft, a report published in 2018 proposed that the planet's organic material may have more of an abundance of carbon-based compounds necessary for life than previously believed.
Photographs of obscure bright spots can be seen on the surface with streaks matching those found on the side of the mountain. [end excerpt]
* (2019-06-17, twitter.com/cosmicdatabase/status/1140719445901500422/photo/1) [archive.is/bR3De]: Ahuna Mons is the largest mountain on the largest known asteroid in our Solar System, #Ceres, which orbits our Sun in the main asteroid belt between Mars andJupiter.
Credit: Dawn Mission, NASA, JPL-Caltech, UCLA, MPS/DLR/IDA
* (2019-03-07, twitter.com/NASA/status/1103810061523214337) [archive.is/dJBrH]: For 3.5 years, our @NASADawn spacecraft explored mysterious Ceres, a dwarf planet between Mars and Jupiter.
Now, scientists create experiments with Dawn's data to study Ceres — including its famous bright spots. How to DIY planetary materials in the lab: https://go.nasa.gov/2IXt5vN
* "Bright spots on Ceres" (retrieved 2019-06-25, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bright_spots_on_Ceres) [archive.is/PAWh2]
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* "Astronomers Reveal Discovery of Two Most Earth-Like Planets; Teegarden’s star, a cool, red dwarf that came to the attention of astronomers in 2003, is roughly 10 times lighter than the sun and one of our solar system’s closest neighbours" (2019-06-20, sputniknews.com/science/201906201075984232-astronomers-reveal-discovery-of-two-most-earth-like-planets/) [archive.is/aTEog]
* "2 new top contenders for human colonization emerge just 12.5 light years away" (2019-06-19, rt.com/news/462192-habitable-exoplanets-colonization-candidates/) [archive.is/d8IEH]
* "The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Two temperate Earth-mass planet candidates around Teegarden's Star" citation page (2019-05-14, aanda.org/component/article?access=doi&doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201935460) [archive.is/XJbik]
- image attribution: The Planetary Habitability Laboratory University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo
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* "Alone in the Universe? Scientists Reveal Results of 'Most Comprehensive' Hunt for Aliens Ever; While the search has so far yielded no evidence of the existence of advanced extraterrestrial civilisations in the depths of space, scientists note that there's a number of factors which might explain these results" (2019-06-20, sputniknews.com/science/201906201075987126-alien-intelligence-hunt-results/) [archive.is/99IrV]
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Ancient News
* "Supervolcano Not to Blame for Humanity's Near-Extinction" (2013-04-29, livescience.com/29130-toba-supervolcano-effects.html) [archive.is/5C0Nt]
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* "Ancient Ancestors Made A Large and Deliberate Migration to Australia" (2019-06-18, theconversation.com, via ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology/aboriginal-australians-0012156) [archive.is/5u7ch]
* "Mystery ancient human ancestor found in Australasian family tree" (2016-06-25, newscientist.com/article/2098566-mystery-ancient-human-ancestor-found-in-australasian-family-tree/) [archive.is/HMRxA] [begin excerpt]: Modern humans first left Africa about 60,000 years ago, with some heading west towards Europe, and others flowing east into the Asia-Pacific region (newscientist.com/article/dn27620-gene-study-shows-humans-took-egyptian-path-out-of-africa/).
Previous research looking at the genomes of people living today has revealed that the Asia-Pacific arrivals mated with two hominin species they found there – the Neanderthals and the Denisovans (newscientist.com/article/mg21028174-000-breeding-with-neanderthals-helped-humans-go-global/).
Mysterious ancestor -
But when Jaume Bertranpetit at Pompeu Fabra University in Spain (upf.edu/cexs/community/facult/bertranpetit.html) and his colleagues analysed the genomes of living Indigenous Australians, Papuans, people from the Andaman Islands near India, and from mainland India, they found sections of DNA that did not match any previously identified hominin species.
These DNA sequences are not present in the genomes of living Europeans or east Asians, suggesting that the ancestors of these people met and bred with a mystery hominin in south Asia or the Pacific region, who left their genetic legacy in the area’s present-day populations.
The unidentified hominin may be Homo erectus or “upright man”, says Bertranpetit (newscientist.com/article/mg21729014-200-your-molar-roots-are-leftovers-from-homo-erectus/). H. erectus is believed to be the first hominin with a similar stature to today’s humans, and the first to leave Africa (becominghuman.org/node/homo-erectus-0).
Ancient DNA needed
Fossil records indicate that H. erectus was present in Asia between about 1.8 million and 33,000 years ago, so there could have been an overlap with humans towards the end of its existence.
“But we do not have any direct evidence,” says Bertranpetit. Confirmation would require a match between ancient DNA from H. erectus remains and DNA from current Australasian populations.
Unfortunately, none of the H. erectus fossils unearthed to date contain sufficient genomic data for this kind of comparison to be made, says Alan Cooper of the University of Adelaide, Australia. “Until we find a skeleton that is preserved well enough, we won’t be able to generate a whole genome like we’ve done with the Denisovans,” he says.
Many groups
The Denisovan genome was derived from a well-preserved finger bone found in a cave in Siberia (newscientist.com/article/dn24603-mystery-human-species-emerges-from-denisovan-genome/), but such findings are rare, especially in the hot climate of Asia. “We may never find another preserved hominin in Asia,” Cooper says.
Making the story even more complicated is the possibility that multiple unknown hominin species contributed to the mystery DNA snippets, says Cooper. “I wouldn’t be surprised – Asia is a bit of a nightmare in terms of the number of different groups that were running around at the same time,” he says.
Asia has turned out to have many more hominin forms than Europe, Cooper says.
“There is a tidal wave of studies coming out now on Australian and Asian genomes and they’re all concluding the same thing – there was a single out–of-Africa movement of modern humans,” says Cooper (newscientist.com/article/dn28687-new-species-of-human-may-have-shared-our-caves-and-beds/). “Europeans headed west, and everybody else headed east. And then within Asia, it became horribly complicated in terms of the movement, because there were several hominins floating around in that space – Denisovans, Neanderthals and now this third group.”
[end excerpt]
* "Are aboriginal Australians and New Guineans the modern-day descendants of the extinct species Homo erectus?" (2007-05-15, thegeneticgenealogist.com/2007/05/15/are-aboriginal-australians-and-new-guineans-the-modern-day-descendants-of-the-extinct-species-homo-erectus/) [archive.is/ayaY1]
* "Aboriginals 'out of Africa' too…" (2007-05-12, newscientist.com/article.ns?id=mg19426033.600&feedId=health_rss20) [archive.is/eKeW2]
* "The Persistence of "Homo Erectus" Traits in Australian Aboriginal Crania" (1972-04, Archaeology & Physical Anthropology in Oceania Vol. 7, No. 1, The University of Sydney), article citation page (via jstor.org/stable/40386149?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents) [archive.is/PGWK9]
- Summary (via trove.nla.gov.au/work/192617310?q&versionId=210718828) [archive.is/R4Ei2]:
Paper presented at 8th Congress for Far - Eastern Prehistory Association, Canberra, January 1971; adoption of 17 traits with values for examination of skulls & assignment of scores to show frequency of Homo erectus traits; existence of Homo erectus morphological pattern.
* "Ghosts of Africa" (2018-12-10, unz.com/isteve/ghosts-of-africa/) [archive.is/ke3p5]
* "Models of archaic admixture and recent history from two-locus statistics" (2018-12-06, by Aaron P. Ragsdale and Simon Gravel, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada) [https://web.archive.org/web/20190131200828/https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2018/12/07/489401.full.pdf]
* "The extinction of the Australian pygmies" (2002-06, sydneyline.com/Pygmies%20Extinction.htm) [archive.is/NJpKD]
* "New species of human may have shared our caves – and beds" (2015-12-17, newscientist.com/article/dn28687-new-species-of-human-may-have-shared-our-caves-and-beds/) [archive.is/MXmuo] [begin excerpt]: As fire light flickered on the back of the cave, a group of people ate deer, porcupine and otter. Then a man solemnly took a large bone off the fire, broke it in half and sucked the bone marrow out. He then carefully painted the broken bone with red clay and buried it in the cave.
He observed this ritual because this bone belonged to another human species. One they shared not only the forest with, but also their beds.
This is the remarkable – though so far tentative – picture emerging from controversial discoveries from two caves in south-west China. If true, some think it could overturn our understanding of what it means to be human.
Among the discoveries appears to be a primitive human species, which most closely resembles the earliest human species, Homo habilis and Homo erectus.
But while these lived about 2 million years ago, this new species lived just 14,000 years ago, says Darren Curnoe of the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia, who lead the team behind the discoveries. This would make it the most recent human species to have gone extinct.
“If true, this would be rather spectacular and it would make the finds of truly global importance,” says Michael Petraglia at the University of Oxford, who wasn’t involved in the discoveries.
The work is excellent, he says, but is likely to leave many in the field unconvinced.
One of the most exciting pieces of evidence in the story is a hominin femur found in Muladong cave in south-west China, alongside other human and animal bones. It shows evidence of having been burned in a fire that was used for cooking other meat, and has marks consistent with it being butchered for consumption.
It has also been broken in a way that is often used to access the bone marrow.
Unusually, it had been painted with a red clay called ochre, something often associated with burial rituals. While many other bones were eaten in the cave, only the ones from human species were painted. [...]
But things got interesting when the team tried to identify the bone. “Our work shows clearly that the femur resembles archaic humans,” Curnoe says. Yet the sediment the bone was found in dated to just 14,000 years ago.
The shaft of the bone is very narrow and it has a thin outer layer, yet the walls are reinforced in areas of high strain. There is also a notch where muscle would have joined the bone, which is much larger than in anatomically modern humans, and it faces more towards the back of the bone (see photo, above).
“These features suggest it walked differently,” says Curnoe. And judging by the size of the bone, Curnoe estimates the adult human would have weighed about 50 kilograms – much smaller than other known Ice Age humans.
“When you put all the evidence together the femur comes out quite clearly resembling the early members of Homo,” says Curnoe.
If confirmed, says Petraglia, this would change our understanding of human evolution. [...]
“This turns that on its head,” says Curnoe. “Its young age shows that remarkably primitive-looking humans must have shared the landscape with very modern-looking people at a time when China’s earliest farming cultures were beginning to flourish.”
But some in the field have doubts that such a young bone can be from something so archaic.
“It is not an archaic human,” says Erik Trinkaus at Washington University in St Louis. Trinkaus thinks the differences in the bone are a result of natural variation within a population, not a new species.
Henry McHenry at the University of California, Davis, is more ambivalent. He says the femur looks very odd, but that it does seem to have similarities to very archaic humans.
Further supporting evidence might come from Longlin cave, a few hundred kilometres north, where another stash of human bones, including an almost complete skull, were found – some as early as 1979. Curnoe and Ji Xueping at the Yunnan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology in China re-analysed these bones and dug up more, describing them in 2012.
Curnoe and his colleagues analysed skull and facial bones and argue they belong to a hybrid of our own species and something more archaic – quite likely the creature that once walked on the now-painted femur. They have preliminarily dated that hybrid to just 10,500 years ago.
One of the less complete bones found at Maludong cave had been cut and had holes dug near the top of it, suggesting it was used as a vessel for carrying and drinking liquid.
What all this hints at, Curnoe and colleagues say, is that H. sapiens was mating with an archaic human species, possibly eating them, and using the hybrid offspring bones as tools. [end excerpt]
* "Possible Signatures of Hominin Hybridization from the Early Holocene of Southwest China" (2015-07-23, nature.com/articles/srep12408) [archive.is/XJB3E]
* "Chinese human fossils unlike any known species" (2012-03-14, newscientist.com/article/dn21586-chinese-human-fossils-unlike-any-known-species) [archive.is/FZVpv]
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* "Bronze mirrors, arrowheads and 'Warlike Lady' ; A tomb of a female warrior has been discovered in Slobodzeya District" (2018-06-13, novostipmr.com/en/news/18-06-13/bronze-mirrors-arrowheads-and-warlike-lady) [archive.fo/UCamk]
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* "Scientists Shed Light on Mystery of Nasca Lines in Peru; The lines and geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa are located some 400 kilometres south of Lima, Peru and form a World Heritage Site spanning about 450 square kilometres; the mysterious art is believed to have been carved into the ground by the pre-Inca people" (2019-06-20, sputniknews.com/science/201906201075981233-scientists-shed-light-mystery-nasca-lines-peru/) [archive.is/0eSMJ]
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Meandering track: Spacemind - Memory Hole [youtube.com/watch?v=uL0mvPZuklM]
Science & Futurism
[futurism.com] [kurzweilai.net] [eurekalert.org]
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Space News
[astrobio.net]
* "From Fireballs to the Heart of Mordor: Best Astronomy Photographs on Display in London" (2019-06-18, sputniknews.com/photo/201906181075933135-investment-astronomy-photographer-2019/) [archive.is/KydFi]
- image caption: In this RGB image, the colour has been slightly increased, but it reveals the real appearance of Earth’s natural satellite. This photograph is a result of a high-resolution mosaic composed by four panels, each one made from 30 images combined together to reveal a sharp and detailed surface up to the lunar limb.
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The freezing (or sublimation) point of carbon dioxide (CO2) is -78.5 degrees Celsius, or -109.2 degrees Fahrenheit. There are no liquid lakes of CO2 on Mars.
* "How Similar is Water On Mars To Water On Earth?" (2011-08-06, ibtimes.com/how-similar-water-mars-water-earth-838697) [archive.is/5O1jb]
For example, the lakes shown in the following photo are independent of the solid structures standing around it, these structures are theorized to be frozen CO2 from sand dunes but exposed by high wind. Atmospheric pressure on Mars (or Earth) is much too low to have liquid CO2. The lakes are filled with a transparent liquid. The structures occupy a land region of several hundred kilometers square, are uniform but vary by region, and appear to be like plants in their growth, with the larger forms being directly next to the lakes.
* "MOC narrow-angle image R07-01100: Defrosting south polar terrain" (2004-04-20, msss.com/moc_gallery/r03_r09/images/R07/R0701100.html) [archive.is/4hLRp], full image [archive.is/xCLYs]
- [extract]:
- [extract]
The dunes may contain a lattice of heated, threaded material
* "Mars 'Dunes' in Infrared" (2007-12-23, marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2007/132/dunes-in-infrared.htm) [archive.is/XptrU]
* "Galle Cr. Dunes" (themis.asu.edu/zoom-20051212a) [archive.is/KUBGY]: These dunes are located on the floor of Galle Crater.
- full size image [archive.is/SdeLP]
- field surface image (viewer.mars.asu.edu/planetview/inst/themis/V16602008#P=V16602008&T=2) [archive.is/sQRXJ], full size image [archive.is/Uzwot]
* "Report #090: More Mars Forests & Lakes" (2005-08-13, by Joseph P. Skipper, marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2005/090/mars-forests-lakes.htm) [archive.is/ZvtN3]:
The science communities struggle so with the concept of liquid surface water and biological life as we are familiar with it on Mars. They intuitively suspect both are on Mars and can't quite let it go but at the same time believe it is quite impossible because the official foundation science data they've been fed tells them so. It is strange, naive and sadly pathetic that they cannot see what is right in front of their eyes in the visual data and so very obvious.
As an example, this is a combination report on forest and water evidence. The water evidence here is very much as we might expect it to be in our Earth experience. On the other hand, the forest evidence presented here will demonstrate strong differences as well as some similarities in comparison with our Earth experience and expectations.
The first part of this report starts off with the above first image from science data strip R09-03461 sampling of a forest of sorts as demonstrated by the dark areas. It qualifies as a forest because of its huge size, extensive coverage, carpeting density, spreading nature, and the simple fact that it is very much dynamic life rather than inanimate geology. The highly light reflective portion of the image of course represents terrain geology.
Because the dark mass life evidence here in my first three images is so dark and light absorbing and the very light color terrain is so bright and light reflective, it is difficult to strike a balance imaging detail wise between the two when trying to clarify these images from this strip. Too much lightening emphasis on the dark mass evidence revealing detail there creates way too much blinding white reflectivity washing out too much terrain detail. Alternatively too much emphasis on bringing out terrain detail wants to turn the already dark life evidence even darker obscuring important detail there. With the balance I've struck here, the key is to get your face closer to the computer screen to see slightly better surface texture detail in the dark life areas. But, the terrain detail is also important here too because it provides the context background on top of which the dark life form evidence exists and conforms in shape to. This relationship evidence helps determine the height and covering quality of the dark life and so it is desirable to preserve this visual evidence as well.
Now this first evidence isn't a forest as we normally think of one here on Earth as being full of different species of trees, bushes and plant life. This forest clearly consists of only one kind of life form species as noted by the lack of any visual evidence demonstrating any individual difference in shape and texture to the contrary. As you can see in the above visual evidence, it apparently advances and spreads by the establishment of multiple advance patches of itself on the forest's outer perimeter. These multiple patches then in turn spread 360º outward by what appears to be creeping and branching runners that then eventually fill in the terrain surface space around them and between the multiple patches. As you can also see by close examination in the inner dark solid dense area in the upper image, this life carpets and engulfs all open space eliminating any visual sign of the highly light reflective geological terrain evidence and leaving no chance for any other competing vegetation life form to establish itself within the merged mass.
Even so, I suspect that the presence of only one but clearly a flourishing form of life in visual evidence here is at least in part a function of the terrain itself. I suspect that this particular terrain may be hostile to most Mars life and the only one that can survive and flourish here is this specialized one that can adapt to this type of terrain and its chemical composition. Note that this life doesn't appear to be a very tall growing as might be the case with a typical Earth hard wood forest. Rather, it appears to be lower growing with a fine smoother and probably relatively soft surface texture like mold or moss that covers the terrain spreading out from these patches and generally conforming to the shape of the terrain that it covers.
In fact, except for scale, haven't we seen this look in a lab petri dish before? Think of it, we may actually be looking at a gigantic form of microbial bacteria collective colony life here like mold. If so, that would make this life unique and quite different relative to our Earth experience, at least scale wise.
The above second image is a closer view of a section of the edge of this forest as seen in the above first image just before too much increased blur begins to be too much of a negative factor obscuring finer detail. Careful examination reveals that there may be smaller harder components within this dark mass and that soft texture mold life as a concept that we are most familiar with may not quite adequately define this life form but I suspect it does still come very close.
Note that, although the general geological terrain is highly light reflective, no portion of the dark life mass has any light reflectivity at all. This tends to indicate that this life form is very small and fine textured in its great many component parts creating a porous surface texture of some depth absorbing light rather than reflecting it while at the same time being very large in its overall spreading mass. The relatively small file size of these R09-03461 strip based images tends to support such an assessment. The overall dark dull coloration is also no doubt a solar energy absorbing strategy and it is possible that this is a collective colony form of life similar to those brought to attention in some of my previous reports.
The above third image is of a isolated patch sitting alone like an island by itself lower down in the same science data strip. I've included it here because it shows the entire dark mass interior as well as its perimeter edge evidence quite well as compared to the much more massive forest areas with its broad boundary edges and solid carpeting interiors. Note that interior area light reflective ground geology is demonstrated in a few places within this mass and has not yet quite been engulfed and completely covered over. Obviously, this particular area isn't as well established (newer?) as the much larger and denser forest areas above this location.
Before leaving this particular type of massed Mars forest evidence, I want you to take a look at the R09-03461 narrow-angle strip's companion R09-03462 wide-angle context image strip on the right on the page that will open (msss.com/moc_gallery/r03_r09/images/R09/R0903461.html) [archive.is/1gFAN]. Note there the small white outline of the narrow-angle strip location within the wide-angle strip on the bordering edge of the extensively larger dark mass and its size. This will give you a good sense of the true size scale of the dark area forest in evidence here covering a very large hunk of terrain. That's a lot of territory for just one type of life form to cover and especially if this is some life we normally associate with a small petri dish scale wise here on Earth.
The above fourth image from a different science data strip R07-01100 demonstrates liquid surface water lake evidence. I've included this type of evidence because of course liquid (as differentiated from solid form ice) surface water and life as we may be familiar with it go hand in hand. Remember, the presence of liquid surface water conditions has the potential to enable the presence of such life.
These are clearly two well defined depressions in the ground and just as clearly are filled with a liquid. The flat self leveling quality so characteristic of liquid is clearly demonstrated by a faintly seen narrow band highly reflective shore around the lake perimeter edge and a irregular waterline butting up against the narrow-band sloped shore as pointed out by my arrows and labels in the above image. If you will examine this very closely, you can also see some faint liquid surface reflectivity as well. You should also be aware that there is another smaller water depression nearby to the upper right of these two sites in the strip but I elected not to image it here in this report as it is just redundant information.
Note that the interior contents of these two depressions are a very light and very bright color. One might assume that this may be because of the presence of highly reflective ice conditions. Such an assumption would conveniently in turn enable the perception and following arguments that this ice is probably CO2 ice. However that just isn't the case here. Note that the flat level interior surface and the obvious narrow band of sloped bare shore between the true liquid waterline and the darker background shore as pointed out by my labeling are both very light color. In my opinion, this is because of an application of light color semitransparent (opaque) smudge image tampering was mapped and applied equally to both the bare sloped shore narrow band and the flat water surface together.
Now, if it had been applied thick enough in enough layers, the evidence of flat level liquid waterline as differentiated from the narrow band of sloped shore evidence would have been merged together and eliminated. That is typical of how effectively obscuring water sites goes in this planetary Mars imaging as it has been released to us. Fortunately for us liquid water depth because of its transparency absorbs more light than it reflects and is normally a darker color preserving the water here as a very slightly darker color and thereby the faintly seen waterline demarcation line effect is preserved. Also, the narrow band of reflective sloped shore as above water terrain was already a lighter reflective color in the natural sunlight. So the tampering application made it even lighter maintaining to some extent the contrast difference between the water and narrow band of sloped shore to preserve the irregular waterline demarcation line.
This type of tampering is typical of how the visuals of the natural visual qualities of liquid surface water are hidden from view in the Mars satellite science data imaging. I have seen a great many much more effective applications, especially around and on the South Polar Cap itself. Most of the time these applications are successful at merging the water and shore into a false single flattened visual effect intended to and relatively effectively mimicking an ice field, at least as it appears in the compromised quality distant satellite imaging as released to us. Remember, if it can be made to appear to be solid form ice, then it can in turn be argued that it is CO2 ice rather than water ice. At the very least, doubt is introduced and, when in doubt, who are you going to believe a lone individual like me or the whole scientific world?
An example of the more effective, if not completely effective, use of such very similar liquid surface water lake image tampering application can be seen in my Report #086 titled "Mars South Polar Forest & Water Evidence" (marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2005/086/southpole-forest-water.htm) [archive.is/645e7] and specifically the closer view fourth image there. There the application layers are thick enough to merge and visually eliminate the water to shore demarcation line. The same type of evidence can again be seen, but much more effectively hidden, in my Report #026 titled "Dissecting A Water Find: Part #3" (2001-09-14, marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2001/026/water_part3.htm) [archive.is/gwzhy]. Also again in my Report #037 titled "More South Polar Cap Civilization Evidence (marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2002/037/s-capcivilization-part1.htm)" [archive.is/NncCE] in image #3, both demonstrating lake evidence.
Fortunately for us, natural liquid water transparency and thereby its color tint varies from site to site and even at the same site when viewed at different times of the day and solar light angle not to mention weather conditions and camera angle. So it is not easy to always get the image tampering application thickness just right. That is the case here where the image tampering application layers are just a little too lightly done to complete the process of obscuring the waterline as differentiated from the narrow band shoreline evidence. Both can still be faintly seen. The bright light color obscures much but not quite enough.
The above fifth image is actually just the fourth image inverted and without my labeling. The one thing that it does best is plainly reveal the presence of the flat level liquid surface in these two depression as well as a bit of the liquid transparency and reflectivity factors and of course the irregular shoreline/waterline created by the liquid. Here in this inverted image, the narrow band sloped shore appears as literally black and the water a not quite so dark in color. Remember, as I have previously reported, CO2 has solid (ice) and gas (vapor) physical states but no liquid state in open environs where expansion is possible. That means that, if you are satisfied that a liquid exists here in these two depressions, then the liquid evidence clearly cannot be CO2 because it has no such physical state.
That essentially leaves liquid surface water as the logical alternative. If it walks like a duck and quacks like a duck, then it is probably a duck. In other words, simple observational logic and an open mind is all that is required here, not rocket science. Note the look of these depressions. Note their flat level inner areas demonstrating irregular shorelines/waterlines. Although the distance is too great and such smaller evidence is too fuzzy resolution wise, note in the previous fourth image what appears likely to be dark vegetation of some kind clustering more thickly immediately around the depression's outer perimeters and thinning out quickly as it gets further away from the depressions. This is just as vegetation often behaves in our Earth experience around surface water sites.
Look familiar to you? It certainly does to me. In fact, this is so obvious that there really is no need for me to belabor the point further and so I'll move on.
There's one more piece of evidence. The above sixth image is from the same strip as the water lakes evidence. Does anything in this image look like bare geological terrain to you? Don't see any geology down there? That's because there isn't any visible to see. What we are looking at here is something so dense and tightly packed that it has covered over and completely blotted out the much more light reflective terrain visual evidence.
If in doubt and if you really want to know what the geological terrain in this locale looks like, you only have to look in the original science data strip R07-01100 (msss.com/moc_gallery/r03_r09/images/R07/R0701100.html) [archive.is/4hLRp] from which this forest and water lakes evidence is drawn. As you view moving down this long strip from top to bottom you will see what a mixture of scattered vegetation as well as what true higher reflectivity geological terrain looks like. Then, as you continue to move further down the strip, you will encounter this very dark area of the super dense vegetation, a section of which you see in the above sixth image. It's about 70% of the way down the strip. At the very bottom of the strip, you will find the water lakes evidence reported in my fifth image here including a smaller lake that I did not report on and image.
As you can see, what ever this is in the above sixth image, it carpets and completely covers this particular section of terrain allowing no view of the true more highly light reflective geological terrain under it. I think that there is no question that this evidence represents aggressive healthy competing life of some kind and almost certainly that life is vegetation forest very probably more typical of our Earth experience. What we are looking at is a great many individual objects down there. Further, the abnormally large file size of this particular image confirms that the graphics software is counting a great many individual objects down there.
So, although the forest evidence is very tightly packed tending to merge together into a great visual mass, it is definitely constituted by a great many fairly large individual objects with a appearance very much like tall trees tops as seen straight down from above. Note that there are different colors and shapes with differing light reflectivity qualities all mixed up in this mass, again very much like a Earth hard wood forest of trees of differing species and growth heights. For a look at similar fairly comparable Earth hard wood forest tops visual evidence as seen from above at different angles, go to my Report #086 titled "Mars South Polar Forest & Water Evidence" (marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2005/086/southpole-forest-water.htm) [archive.is/645e7] and image #3 there not to mention the whole report itself.
Compare the very likely tree evidence seen here in the above sixth image and that in Report #086 as well as others I've reported on with the forest evidence at the beginning of this report demonstrating the difference in types. The variety of the evidence indicates there are vegetation similarities between Mars and Earth but also some dramatic differences to, such as the evidence in the first part of this report, perhaps due to the differences in gravity, environment and history or even the accumulative impact of civilizations past and/or present.
In the first part of this report, what appears on the surface at first glance to be Mars vegetation may well be giant form mold colony, microbial, bacterial life rather than the type of biological vegetation plant life we are used to here on Earth. Take a look at another variation of this in my Report #087 titled "Mars South Polar Geysers are Life" on colony life (marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2005/087/south--polar-geysers.htm) [archive.is/ZbMkJ]. Even when it comes to true vegetation life in the form of plants and/or trees, take a look at my Report #019 titled "Giant Plant Species Found on Mars" (marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2001/019/colossal-trees.htm) [archive.is/KZXzU] demonstrating what appears to be colossal in size branching trees looking very much like gigantic palms as seen from above but far far larger than any tree found on Earth and which just may be incredibly ancient.
Remember, heavy CO2 conditions in general actually favor the kind of vegetation plant life we are familiar with here on Earth. Plant life of course utilizes CO2 and produces oxygen as their waste byproduct and the reverse is true of animal life striking the balance in Earth's atmosphere we are familiar with. The presence of old well established extensive forests on Mars as well as liquid surface water (H2O) would logically imply the likely presence of significantly more oxygen in the Mars atmosphere than officially reported. Has someone been manipulating this underlying key foundation science data that the science community uses so extensively?
Truly, in many ways Mars does appear to be a place of extremes in some of its aspects relative to our Earth experience. The official interpretation would have us believe that such extremes mostly take the form of a hostile environment consisting of hard freezing conditions, little to no water, no life, and a primarily a CO2 atmosphere hostile to Earth humans and most animal life as we know it. In other words, a world interesting only to scientists and/or academics and no need for you and I to be otherwise too concerned with it. As time goes by, you and I can trust our leadership to tell us what we need to know (aka what they want us to know) along and along as they deem fit to disseminate such information to us.
However, the growing discovery evidence record here increasingly indicates Mars may very well have a fair amount of liquid surface water including even very extensive South Polar seasonal liquid flood waters. This raises all kinds of questions as to the correctness of the officially reported Mars surface and atmospheric conditions foundation data. For example, the mere presence of liquid surface water seriously encourages the consideration of the possibility of life taking advantage of it. Further, the discovery evidence record here also demonstrates the presence of a variety of such life including both biological life as well as technologically advanced intelligent life.
It is a unfolding or unraveling story, depending on your point of view, of incredible dimension and implications. Just how long can this growing evidence and its implications be ignored?
DOCUMENTATION
- (http://www.msss.com/moc_gallery/r03_r09/images/R09/R0903461.html) [archive.is/1gFAN]: This link will take you to the R09-03461 official science data imaging that is the source of my 1-3 images in this report. While there please note the companion wide-angle R09-03462 image to see how extensive the dark color life evidence is in the wider context view.
- MOC narrow-angle image R09-03461
- MOC red wide-angle context image R09-03462
- (msss.com/moc_gallery/r03_r09/images/R07/R0701100.html) [archive.is/4hLRp]: This link will take you to the R07-01100 official science data imaging that is the source of my 4-6 images in this report. While there please note the companion wide-angle R07-01101 image but only to note the medium color obscuring dithering smudge over most of the upper part of this image obscuring the true terrain.
* "Mars South Polar Biological Life: Part 3" (2005-03-27, marsanomalyresearch.com/evidence-reports/2005/085/southpolar-biological-life-3.htm) [archive.is/K9qxs]
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* "Mars water surprise in Curiosity rover soil samples" (2013-09-26, bbc.com/news/science-environment-24287207) [archive.is/4UJqX]
* "Water on Mars Provides Hope for Human Habitation" (2019-06-18, ancient-origins.net/news-science-space/water-mars-provides-hope-human-habitation-00867) [archive.is/U5zsJ] [begin excerpt]: The first sample of dust and soil analysed by NASA’s Curiosity Mars Rover in August 2012 was found to contain a substantial amount of water . This discovery provided new hope that a manned mission to Mars would be able to succeed.
Scientists have confirmed that the soil sample contained about two percent water, a fairly remarkable figure for an apparently cold, lifeless world.
“If you are a human explorer, this is really good news because you can quite easily extract water from almost anywhere,” said Dr. Laurie Leshin, a mission researcher affiliated with Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in New York.
“If you take about a cubic foot of this dirt and just heat it a little bit—a few hundred degrees—you’ll actually get off about two pints of water,” Dr. Leshin explained. This would be about half the amount required to meet the needs of the average person in a single day, and this level of soil saturation is believed to be typical for the red planet.
Based on this discovery, it seems that human explorers visiting Mars could bake enough water out of the soil to meet a significant portion of their needs. But this wouldn’t be their only option. They could also obtain water in the form of ice. [end excerpt]
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* "New Research Reveals How Cotton Candy Clouds Are Conceived on Mars; On planet Earth, water molecules stick to tiny grains of sea salt or dust blown into the air to form white clouds. However, when it comes to Mars, the presence of mid-atmospheric clouds has long remained a mystery to scientists" (2019-06-18, sputniknews.com/science/201906181075935451-new-research-reveals-how-cotton-candy-clouds-conceived-mars/) [archive.is/sdwkN]
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* "Bam! Fresh Crater Spied on Mars — and It Looks Spectacular; The crater is about 50 feet wide" (2019-06-17, space.com/mars-fresh-crater-nasa-mro-photo-2019.html) [archive.is/5V59G]
[begin excerpt]: While MRO captures hundreds of these new dark smudges a year, said HiRISE team member and University of Arizona staff scientist Veronica Bray, this new crater is on the larger side of the ones that she has ever seen. That means the impact that created it was a fairly rare event, at least as far as we know from 13 years of MRO's continuous observing. [...]
"It is a reminder of what's out there," Bray, a HiRISE targeting specialist who imaged this new crater, told Space.com. She said that Mars is a dynamic place, complete with shifting sand dunes and whirling dust devils, but she finds craters the most interesting Red Planet surface features.
"It's a gorgeous [crater]. I'm glad I got it in the color strip," she said.
Bray added that the color of this particular crater fascinates her, because she can see the impact wave clearly — a dark zone where dust was shifted off the surface. Beneath is likely basaltic rock, based on what we know of Mars geology and the colors showing in the image. There also are zones with a bluish tint, which may or may not be exposed ice. While the crater was blasted in the Valles Marineris region, near the relatively warm Martian equator, it's possible there could be a little ice underneath the dust, Bray said. [end excerpt]
* " 'Never Seen Anything Like It': New Black and Blue Mars Crater Leaves Scientists in Awe; The crater, believed to have been formed in the last three years or so, is the second peculiar discovery on Mars in a week's time, and follows reports about a Martian land formation which looks suspiciously similar to the Starfleet logo from Star Trek" (2019-06-18, sputniknews.com/science/201906181075942776-never-seen-anything-like-it-black-and-blue-mars-crater-leaves-scientists-in-awe-photo/) [archive.is/jiURj]
- image caption: Crater which recently appeared on the surface of Mars / full-size (https://static.uahirise.org/hipod/ESP_059635_1635.jpg) [archive.is/7dRMW]
* "HiPOD: 6 June 2019" (NASA/JPL/University of Arizona, 2019-06-06, uahirise.org/hipod/ESP_059635_1635) [archive.is/Jy84r]:
A Work of Art
An impressionist painting? No, it’s a new impact crater that has appeared on the surface of Mars, formed at most between September 2016 and February 2019. What makes this stand out is the darker material exposed beneath the reddish dust. (Special thanks to Nahúm Méndez Chazarra.)
ID: ESP_059635_1635
date: 17 April 2019
altitude: 255 km
Observation details page:"Candidate Recent Impact Site" (uahirise.org/ESP_059635_1635) [archive.is/xupN6], (uahirise.org/ESP_059279_1635) [archive.is/772Z0]
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* "Say Cheese! NASA Snaps Closest View Ever of Asteroid Bennu; The US’ National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) recently released a new image of asteroid Bennu, which offers a stunning, detailed look at the flying rock as it makes its way through the cosmos" (2019-06-19, sputniknews.com/science/201906191075966924-say-cheese-nasa-snaps-closest-view-ever-of-asteroid-bennu-photo/) [archive.is/gvX5i]
- image caption: NASA releases close-up image of asteroid Bennu, which was captured on June 13, 2019, after Orbital B Insertion.
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* " ‘Like Nothing Humanity Has Ever Seen’: NASA Reveals PHOTO of Mountain on Dwarf Planet Ceres; NASA launched its Dawn spacecraft in 2015 to travel to the icy dwarf planet Ceres, making the local celestial body the first of its kind to be visited" (2019-06-20, sputniknews.com/science/201906201075970741-like-nothing-humanity-has-ever-seen-nasa-reveals-photo-of-mountain-on-dwarf-planet-ceres/) [archive.is/ZjfUB] [begin excerpt]:
The mountain reportedly reaches a height of over 13,000 feet, just under half of the height of Earth’s largest mountain, Mount Everest, at 29,029 feet. The massive anomaly is adorned with strange slopes with interesting vertical streaks.
It is currently unknown what caused its formation, but NASA offered a theory in a statement: "Based on numerous gravity measurements, a bubble of mud rose from deep within the dwarf planet and pushed through the icy surface at a weak point rich in reflective salt — and then froze."
The portion of the dwarf planet where Ahuna Mons is located “is not solid and rigid, but moving and at least partially fluid," said Wladimir Neumann of the DLR Institute of Planetary Research in Berlin-Adlershof and the University of Münster, in a news release on the DLR official website.
“In this region, "This ‘bubble’ that formed in the mantle of Ceres beneath Ahuna Mons is a mixture of saline water and rock components." Neumann said.
Using information gleaned by the Dawn spacecraft, a report published in 2018 proposed that the planet's organic material may have more of an abundance of carbon-based compounds necessary for life than previously believed.
Photographs of obscure bright spots can be seen on the surface with streaks matching those found on the side of the mountain. [end excerpt]
* (2019-06-17, twitter.com/cosmicdatabase/status/1140719445901500422/photo/1) [archive.is/bR3De]: Ahuna Mons is the largest mountain on the largest known asteroid in our Solar System, #Ceres, which orbits our Sun in the main asteroid belt between Mars andJupiter.
Credit: Dawn Mission, NASA, JPL-Caltech, UCLA, MPS/DLR/IDA
* (2019-03-07, twitter.com/NASA/status/1103810061523214337) [archive.is/dJBrH]: For 3.5 years, our @NASADawn spacecraft explored mysterious Ceres, a dwarf planet between Mars and Jupiter.
Now, scientists create experiments with Dawn's data to study Ceres — including its famous bright spots. How to DIY planetary materials in the lab: https://go.nasa.gov/2IXt5vN
* "Bright spots on Ceres" (retrieved 2019-06-25, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bright_spots_on_Ceres) [archive.is/PAWh2]
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* "Astronomers Reveal Discovery of Two Most Earth-Like Planets; Teegarden’s star, a cool, red dwarf that came to the attention of astronomers in 2003, is roughly 10 times lighter than the sun and one of our solar system’s closest neighbours" (2019-06-20, sputniknews.com/science/201906201075984232-astronomers-reveal-discovery-of-two-most-earth-like-planets/) [archive.is/aTEog]
* "2 new top contenders for human colonization emerge just 12.5 light years away" (2019-06-19, rt.com/news/462192-habitable-exoplanets-colonization-candidates/) [archive.is/d8IEH]
* "The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Two temperate Earth-mass planet candidates around Teegarden's Star" citation page (2019-05-14, aanda.org/component/article?access=doi&doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201935460) [archive.is/XJbik]
- image attribution: The Planetary Habitability Laboratory University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo
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* "Alone in the Universe? Scientists Reveal Results of 'Most Comprehensive' Hunt for Aliens Ever; While the search has so far yielded no evidence of the existence of advanced extraterrestrial civilisations in the depths of space, scientists note that there's a number of factors which might explain these results" (2019-06-20, sputniknews.com/science/201906201075987126-alien-intelligence-hunt-results/) [archive.is/99IrV]
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Ancient News
* "Supervolcano Not to Blame for Humanity's Near-Extinction" (2013-04-29, livescience.com/29130-toba-supervolcano-effects.html) [archive.is/5C0Nt]
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* "Ancient Ancestors Made A Large and Deliberate Migration to Australia" (2019-06-18, theconversation.com, via ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology/aboriginal-australians-0012156) [archive.is/5u7ch]
* "Mystery ancient human ancestor found in Australasian family tree" (2016-06-25, newscientist.com/article/2098566-mystery-ancient-human-ancestor-found-in-australasian-family-tree/) [archive.is/HMRxA] [begin excerpt]: Modern humans first left Africa about 60,000 years ago, with some heading west towards Europe, and others flowing east into the Asia-Pacific region (newscientist.com/article/dn27620-gene-study-shows-humans-took-egyptian-path-out-of-africa/).
Previous research looking at the genomes of people living today has revealed that the Asia-Pacific arrivals mated with two hominin species they found there – the Neanderthals and the Denisovans (newscientist.com/article/mg21028174-000-breeding-with-neanderthals-helped-humans-go-global/).
Mysterious ancestor -
But when Jaume Bertranpetit at Pompeu Fabra University in Spain (upf.edu/cexs/community/facult/bertranpetit.html) and his colleagues analysed the genomes of living Indigenous Australians, Papuans, people from the Andaman Islands near India, and from mainland India, they found sections of DNA that did not match any previously identified hominin species.
These DNA sequences are not present in the genomes of living Europeans or east Asians, suggesting that the ancestors of these people met and bred with a mystery hominin in south Asia or the Pacific region, who left their genetic legacy in the area’s present-day populations.
The unidentified hominin may be Homo erectus or “upright man”, says Bertranpetit (newscientist.com/article/mg21729014-200-your-molar-roots-are-leftovers-from-homo-erectus/). H. erectus is believed to be the first hominin with a similar stature to today’s humans, and the first to leave Africa (becominghuman.org/node/homo-erectus-0).
Ancient DNA needed
Fossil records indicate that H. erectus was present in Asia between about 1.8 million and 33,000 years ago, so there could have been an overlap with humans towards the end of its existence.
“But we do not have any direct evidence,” says Bertranpetit. Confirmation would require a match between ancient DNA from H. erectus remains and DNA from current Australasian populations.
Unfortunately, none of the H. erectus fossils unearthed to date contain sufficient genomic data for this kind of comparison to be made, says Alan Cooper of the University of Adelaide, Australia. “Until we find a skeleton that is preserved well enough, we won’t be able to generate a whole genome like we’ve done with the Denisovans,” he says.
Many groups
The Denisovan genome was derived from a well-preserved finger bone found in a cave in Siberia (newscientist.com/article/dn24603-mystery-human-species-emerges-from-denisovan-genome/), but such findings are rare, especially in the hot climate of Asia. “We may never find another preserved hominin in Asia,” Cooper says.
Making the story even more complicated is the possibility that multiple unknown hominin species contributed to the mystery DNA snippets, says Cooper. “I wouldn’t be surprised – Asia is a bit of a nightmare in terms of the number of different groups that were running around at the same time,” he says.
Asia has turned out to have many more hominin forms than Europe, Cooper says.
“There is a tidal wave of studies coming out now on Australian and Asian genomes and they’re all concluding the same thing – there was a single out–of-Africa movement of modern humans,” says Cooper (newscientist.com/article/dn28687-new-species-of-human-may-have-shared-our-caves-and-beds/). “Europeans headed west, and everybody else headed east. And then within Asia, it became horribly complicated in terms of the movement, because there were several hominins floating around in that space – Denisovans, Neanderthals and now this third group.”
[end excerpt]
* "Are aboriginal Australians and New Guineans the modern-day descendants of the extinct species Homo erectus?" (2007-05-15, thegeneticgenealogist.com/2007/05/15/are-aboriginal-australians-and-new-guineans-the-modern-day-descendants-of-the-extinct-species-homo-erectus/) [archive.is/ayaY1]
* "Aboriginals 'out of Africa' too…" (2007-05-12, newscientist.com/article.ns?id=mg19426033.600&feedId=health_rss20) [archive.is/eKeW2]
* "The Persistence of "Homo Erectus" Traits in Australian Aboriginal Crania" (1972-04, Archaeology & Physical Anthropology in Oceania Vol. 7, No. 1, The University of Sydney), article citation page (via jstor.org/stable/40386149?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents) [archive.is/PGWK9]
- Summary (via trove.nla.gov.au/work/192617310?q&versionId=210718828) [archive.is/R4Ei2]:
Paper presented at 8th Congress for Far - Eastern Prehistory Association, Canberra, January 1971; adoption of 17 traits with values for examination of skulls & assignment of scores to show frequency of Homo erectus traits; existence of Homo erectus morphological pattern.
* "Ghosts of Africa" (2018-12-10, unz.com/isteve/ghosts-of-africa/) [archive.is/ke3p5]
* "Models of archaic admixture and recent history from two-locus statistics" (2018-12-06, by Aaron P. Ragsdale and Simon Gravel, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada) [https://web.archive.org/web/20190131200828/https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2018/12/07/489401.full.pdf]
* "The extinction of the Australian pygmies" (2002-06, sydneyline.com/Pygmies%20Extinction.htm) [archive.is/NJpKD]
* "New species of human may have shared our caves – and beds" (2015-12-17, newscientist.com/article/dn28687-new-species-of-human-may-have-shared-our-caves-and-beds/) [archive.is/MXmuo] [begin excerpt]: As fire light flickered on the back of the cave, a group of people ate deer, porcupine and otter. Then a man solemnly took a large bone off the fire, broke it in half and sucked the bone marrow out. He then carefully painted the broken bone with red clay and buried it in the cave.
He observed this ritual because this bone belonged to another human species. One they shared not only the forest with, but also their beds.
This is the remarkable – though so far tentative – picture emerging from controversial discoveries from two caves in south-west China. If true, some think it could overturn our understanding of what it means to be human.
Among the discoveries appears to be a primitive human species, which most closely resembles the earliest human species, Homo habilis and Homo erectus.
But while these lived about 2 million years ago, this new species lived just 14,000 years ago, says Darren Curnoe of the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia, who lead the team behind the discoveries. This would make it the most recent human species to have gone extinct.
“If true, this would be rather spectacular and it would make the finds of truly global importance,” says Michael Petraglia at the University of Oxford, who wasn’t involved in the discoveries.
The work is excellent, he says, but is likely to leave many in the field unconvinced.
One of the most exciting pieces of evidence in the story is a hominin femur found in Muladong cave in south-west China, alongside other human and animal bones. It shows evidence of having been burned in a fire that was used for cooking other meat, and has marks consistent with it being butchered for consumption.
It has also been broken in a way that is often used to access the bone marrow.
Unusually, it had been painted with a red clay called ochre, something often associated with burial rituals. While many other bones were eaten in the cave, only the ones from human species were painted. [...]
But things got interesting when the team tried to identify the bone. “Our work shows clearly that the femur resembles archaic humans,” Curnoe says. Yet the sediment the bone was found in dated to just 14,000 years ago.
The shaft of the bone is very narrow and it has a thin outer layer, yet the walls are reinforced in areas of high strain. There is also a notch where muscle would have joined the bone, which is much larger than in anatomically modern humans, and it faces more towards the back of the bone (see photo, above).
“These features suggest it walked differently,” says Curnoe. And judging by the size of the bone, Curnoe estimates the adult human would have weighed about 50 kilograms – much smaller than other known Ice Age humans.
“When you put all the evidence together the femur comes out quite clearly resembling the early members of Homo,” says Curnoe.
If confirmed, says Petraglia, this would change our understanding of human evolution. [...]
“This turns that on its head,” says Curnoe. “Its young age shows that remarkably primitive-looking humans must have shared the landscape with very modern-looking people at a time when China’s earliest farming cultures were beginning to flourish.”
But some in the field have doubts that such a young bone can be from something so archaic.
“It is not an archaic human,” says Erik Trinkaus at Washington University in St Louis. Trinkaus thinks the differences in the bone are a result of natural variation within a population, not a new species.
Henry McHenry at the University of California, Davis, is more ambivalent. He says the femur looks very odd, but that it does seem to have similarities to very archaic humans.
Further supporting evidence might come from Longlin cave, a few hundred kilometres north, where another stash of human bones, including an almost complete skull, were found – some as early as 1979. Curnoe and Ji Xueping at the Yunnan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology in China re-analysed these bones and dug up more, describing them in 2012.
Curnoe and his colleagues analysed skull and facial bones and argue they belong to a hybrid of our own species and something more archaic – quite likely the creature that once walked on the now-painted femur. They have preliminarily dated that hybrid to just 10,500 years ago.
One of the less complete bones found at Maludong cave had been cut and had holes dug near the top of it, suggesting it was used as a vessel for carrying and drinking liquid.
What all this hints at, Curnoe and colleagues say, is that H. sapiens was mating with an archaic human species, possibly eating them, and using the hybrid offspring bones as tools. [end excerpt]
* "Possible Signatures of Hominin Hybridization from the Early Holocene of Southwest China" (2015-07-23, nature.com/articles/srep12408) [archive.is/XJB3E]
* "Chinese human fossils unlike any known species" (2012-03-14, newscientist.com/article/dn21586-chinese-human-fossils-unlike-any-known-species) [archive.is/FZVpv]
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* "Bronze mirrors, arrowheads and 'Warlike Lady' ; A tomb of a female warrior has been discovered in Slobodzeya District" (2018-06-13, novostipmr.com/en/news/18-06-13/bronze-mirrors-arrowheads-and-warlike-lady) [archive.fo/UCamk]
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* "Scientists Shed Light on Mystery of Nasca Lines in Peru; The lines and geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa are located some 400 kilometres south of Lima, Peru and form a World Heritage Site spanning about 450 square kilometres; the mysterious art is believed to have been carved into the ground by the pre-Inca people" (2019-06-20, sputniknews.com/science/201906201075981233-scientists-shed-light-mystery-nasca-lines-peru/) [archive.is/0eSMJ]
Curiata
* "Mysterious, nocturnal ‘cat-fox’ predator discovered on Corsica" (2019-06-20, rt.com/news/462280-new-species-cat-fox-corsica/) [archive.is/75b5G]
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* "Mutant Flies From Outer Space: Russian Scientists in Awe of Insects' Behaviour in Orbital Experiment; Russia has been sending biosatellites into orbit for decades in an attempt to find out more about the effects of space conditions on Earth-based organisms, with the Foton and Bion spacecraft projects the latest efforts in that direction" (2019-06-19, sputniknews.com/science/201906191075960150-years-ago-russian-scientists-sent-fruit-flies-to-a-satellite-orbiting-earth-this-is-what-happened/) [archive.is/HEVQq]
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* "Sky Stealing Ocean: Mesmerising Watersprout Captured on Camera in Florida; A breathtaking marine phenomenon was caught on camera in mid-June in the vicinity of the town of Marathon spread over 13 islands in the United States" (2019-06-18, sputniknews.com/videoclub/201906181075937904-watersprout-us-florida-video/) [archive.is/PuWpb]: A huge vortex over the ocean spiralling into the sky left spectators in Florida's Marathon speechless this month. A YouTube user managed to capture the unique phenomenon from a boat showing a whirling pillar of water seemingly connecting the ocean to the sky.* "Tromba marina cerca de Marathon, Florida - USA" (2019-06-16, youtube.com/watch?v=YXd1_U8IXpI) [archive.is/Yb8Xq]
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