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an agricultural terrace. These in particular are from Ollantaytambo in Southern Peru. Terrace steps are used to farm hilly or mountainous terrain. They decrease erosion and surface runoff, and support growing crops that require irrigation
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An empire ruled most of modern Mexico and Aztlan outside the Mississippi River empires, ruled through a central government at Mexico City, built as a perpetual garden for sustaining an urban population larger than London, Rome or Paris of that age...
An interesting parallel has been documented which points to the sophistication of the indigenous civilizations of old Mexico...
* "Will the Real Atlantis please stand up?" (by Gene D. Matlock) page 1 [archive.is/cqyEZ], page 2 [archive.is/1eQ0R] [begin excerpt]:
See the Following Nahuatl (Aztec Words) -
Atl = Water.
Atlan = In, by, alongside, under water.
Atlah= Abundant water.
Ahtlantica=A big stretch of abundant water (A Nahuatl name for the Atlantic Ocean.).
Atlantona = Resplendent Lady of Water (Another Nahuatl name for the Atlantic Ocean).
Atlantech/Atlantesh = Place under, by, in, alongside water.
Atlantes = Nahuatl name for Atlas holding up the world.
[...]
An ancient, spiral-shaped harbor with high banks or dikes lining the channels had once existed near San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán, exactly as described by Plato. Robles y Gutiérrez said that the extremely fertile plains and jungles in the area are cross-crossed with the ruins of many ancient irrigation canals, as well as manmade irrigation lagoons, some with the masonry lining their banks still intact - and still potentially usable! The archeological remains in San Lorenzo supposedly belong to the Olmec culture. The Olmecs themselves were either survivors of the Atlantis disaster or latecomers to the area.
ARTIST'S CONCEPT OF WHAT THE 'ATLANTESH' OF SAN LORENZO TENOCHTITLAN ONCE LOOKED LIKE.
A Romanized (or Greek architecture) version of what Atlantis city looked like according to Plato. Of course, it could also look like Mexican architecture.
* " ‘Ancient Monuments’ advanced the knowledge of history" (2016-06-10, timesgazette.com) [archive.is/9jp5J]
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* "Maize in Pre-Columbian China" (2005, by Masao Uchibayashi, Takeda Science Foundation, Japan) (.pdf) [is.gd/bRCDxc]
* "An Ancient New Corn From China" (1910-06-25, The Milwaukee Sentinel) [archive.is/EcqBL]: AN entirely new species of corn has been received from China and is being experimented with by the Department of Agriculture with a view to adapting it to the arid regions of the Southwest, where, without irrigation, the native American corn will not come to maturity. Besides its agricultural Interest, this new corn suggests some curious historical problems. There is no doubt that corn is a native of America, yet from descriptions in Chinese literature, corn is shown to have been established in China within less than a century after the first voyage of Columbus. This is entirely too short a period for the grain to have beep carried to China by way of Europe
and become widely known and used. Be-skies, this new corn from China is so totally different from that of the Western Hemisphere that it is impossible to think that its peculiar characteristics have been developed within live centuries, so there seems no other possible conclusion but that corn was carried from America to China many centuries before Columbus sailed Westward. The corn from China develops into a plant averaging less than six feet in height, with an average of twelve green leaves at the time of tasseling. The ears average five and one-half inches in length and 4 and one-third inches in greatest circumference, with sixteen to eighteen rows of small grains,
Photo caption: PIGMY CHINESE MAIZE. Two views of the same plant.
New kind of Indian corn has been brought to this country recently from China. It was sent by a missionary, from Shanghai, to the Department of Agriculture. It is so entirely unlike any variety of maize known in America as to suggest the notion that possibly botanists have been wrong in the belief they have so long entertained that Indian corn was originally a native to the American continent exclusively. In all likelihood, however, the early progenitors of this variety were carried by some means from America to China centuries before Columbus was born. So much is inferred from the fact that, by what is known about plant life, it must have required a very long period of time to develop into so distinct a type under cultivation. It has many peculiarities. In the first place, the plant is a dwarf, not growing higher ordinarily than about four feet. The ears average five and a half inches in length only, with sixteen to. eighteen rows of small grains. These grains are found, when cut in two, to have a curious waxlike consistency, and the starch they contain is very much different in character from any starch with which the Western nations have been acquainted hitherto. The new Chinese maize is likely to prove valuable for breeding purposes. Already it has been successfully crossed with big-grained varieties, with a view to increasing the size of the kernels. Some of the crosses are expected to "take after" the Oriental plant in at least one feature which will render them useful for cultivation in the dry regions of the Southwest. In that part of the country the "silks" of maize plants are liable, at the time of flowering, to be burned up by the hot desert winds before the grains have a chance to be pollinated. But in the Chinese corn an erect arrangement of the leaves, which are all on one side of the stalk, and the development of the silks in the angle where the leaf-blade joins the sheath, offer a protected place in which pollen can settle and accomplish fertilization before the silks are exposed to the air. The whole structure constitutes a most beautiful adaptation to prevent the drying out of the silks before pollination—the overlapping blades catching all pollen that is blown against the upper part of the plant, and allowing it to settle in the, channels at the base of the blades, where it accumulates. The silks are then pushed into this accumulation of pollen, and thus become fertilized.* "Primitive Maize with the Lepchas" (by J. K. Thapa) (.pdf) [is.gd/uEbSlg]
* “The Corn of Egypt in America” (1902-01, Our Day newsmagazine, Vol. 21, N. 1, pg. 34) (.pdf) [is.gd/PDmXJ0]: Such curiosity has often been aroused as to what was the character of the corn which Joseph stored away for the seven years of famine. This curiosity can now be satisfied for a Michigan farmer is now raising the corn of Egypt. The Michigan Christian Advocate has been investigating the matter and publishes the following interesting account of the experiments. -
“‘Samuel Wisson, a farmer of Sandwich West, Essex County, Ontario, is exhibiting ears of corn grown from seed foundin the covering of an Egyptian mummy, supposed to be at least 2,000 years old. The corn was brought from Egypt last year by Rev. Mr. Higgins, of Grand Rapids, Mich. Mr. Wisson, husked four bushels from sixty hills. The corn is a bright red tint, plump, and weighs well, but is quite different from samples grown in Canada or the United States.”
“Finding the above item floating about in the daily press, a representative of the Advocate went over to Sandwich last week and hunted up the gentleman re ferred to. He found Mr. Samuel Wisson (not Wilson, as the papers erroneously printed it) living on a farm some two miles back of Sandwich, the county-seat of Essex County. Mr. Wisson says the item is, in the main, correct. The seed corn which he obtained from Mr. Higgins was black in color—possibly from age.
It was planted on a light, sandy soil, a little later than his other corn was planted. It matured quite as early as the other corn. It showed a very rank growth, the stalks reaching fifteen feet in height, and being so coarse as to be quite worthless for fodder. The stalks quite generally produced two good ears each, with often two smaller ones. Mr. Higgins reported getting as high as six good ears from one stalk. In Pharaoh’s dream, seven ears of corn came up on one stalk, rank and good' (Gen. 41:5), not at all improbable, judging from the experience above stated. Mr. Wisson says he obtained a bushel of ears from sixteen hills, while his other corn required thirty-two hills to yield a bushel. He obtained four and a half bushels from the handful of seed given him by Mr. Higgins, and is confident that on a strong, heavy soil the yield would be greater. He intends planting it quite extensively next year.
“The corn is of dent variety, showing from twelve to sixteen rows to the ear. The ears are plump and well filled, really “rank and good. Mr. Wisson noted one remarkable fact: While the corn generally was of a bright red color, some hills yielded a yellow corn, quite similar to the other except in color. The seed, so far as he could see, was all alike, and no other corn was planted near. The corn was of unusual weight—Mr. Wisson thinks a bushel would weigh as much as a bushel and a half of ordinary corn.
Mr. Wisson kindly gave the Advocate man specimens of the corn, which may be seen at his office. While differing somewhat from our ordinary corn, it is substantially the same as the ‘dent’ or gourd varieties grown in this region.
“It will, doubtless, puzzle many Bible students to learn that the ‘corn' grown in Egypt two and three thousand years ago was our own maize, or lndian corn. which we have been taught is strictly indigenous to America, and never heard of before this country was discovered. The word ‘corn in the Scriptures has been understood to be generic, and to mean wheat, barley, millet, or some similar small grain. Yet McClintock and Strong's Encyclopedia, in the article on “Corn” admits that maize was found in China before Columbus' day, and refers to instances where grains of Indian corn, and even the husks, have been found in mummy cases in Egypt—exactly where the specimens obtained by Mr. Wisson came from. The date of these specimens would carry us back to near the days of the Ptolemies; and if ‘corn” of our maize variety were grown in Egypt then, it might easily be the same sort which was stored up by Joseph in the days of the great famine thirty-six centuries ago.”
* "Maize Diffused to India before Columbus Came to America" (by Carl L. Johannessen) (.pdf) [is.gd/LN80cG]
* "Pre-Columbian Maize North of the Old World Equator" (1969) intro [archive.is/BDW8n], pg.1 [archive.is/Mc22W], pg.2 [archive.is/pHHFF], pg.3 [archive.is/19HhH], pg.4 [archive.is/Dy1S2]
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The Olmec monuments show kings who resemble the kings of west Africa, head gear and all.
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* "Initial DNA Results For The Testing Of Peruvian Elongated Skulls: 2016" (2016-06-14, hiddenincatours.com) [archive.is/zRSP7]:
It has been a long and tiring process to try to get ancient elongated skulls from Peru DNA tested, as many of you know. There are only 10 laboratories in the world that can do “next generation sequencing” which is the state of the art process of testing ancient DNA.Your DNA, like the image above shows, is perfectly intact, thus is easy to test, and is cheap. Ancient DNA, like the 800 to 2000 plus year old Peruvian ones that we wish to test are literally shredded into tiny segments, thus only the most up to date equipment can test them, AT ALL. We are fortunate that 3 such labs have agreed to do the testing for us.
Frankly, it appears that virtually ALL academics believe that ALL of the Peruvian elongated skulls are the result of head binding, yet NONE as far as we can tell have ever DNA tested them. Such facilities as mentioned earlier DO NOT exist in Peru. As well, there are NO radiocarbon labs in Peru.
As well, no academics as far as we can tell can explain why some of the skulls that still have hair are red or even blonde; the idea that this is from time or bleaching has NOW been disproven by 2 hair experts. For the ancient Paracas people, at least, they had blonde to reddish hair that is 30% thinner than NATIVE American hair. It is GENETIC!
Of the two recent samples tested, one of small red hair fragments from a 2000 year old skull donated by Sr. Juan Navarro of the Paracas museum and sampled as well as packaged by a Peruvian archaeologist, and another from an 800 year old Peruvian skull that has been in the US for at least 75 years, the results were quite curious.
The baby hair only showed genotype U2e1, which is found in people from northern Europe and western Russia/Baltics and the 800 year old skull showed only ancestry from Syria/Mesopotamia. Clearly, if these results hold, the history of the migration of people to the Americas is far more complex than we have been told previously.
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* "The Mysterious White Indians of New Mexico" (1901-11, Our Day newsmagazine, Vol. 20, N. 11, pg. 13) (.pdf) [is.gd/PDmXJ0]:
Down in the heart of the vast territory in the southwest which the United States acquired by conquest from Mexico more than half a century ago, and parts of which are still unknown, there abides an ethnological mystery, the subject of much speculation for fifty years. It is still an un solved problem, so far as definite knowledge is concerned— the white Indians of New Mexico.
Discovered by one of the numerous expeditions sent out in the early '50's in search of a feasible route for a railway to the Pacific Coast, these curious specimens of Indian were the theme of numerous dissertations by the learned pundits of the government survey. The consensus of their opinions seemed to be that the white Indians found in the native village of Zuni were the descendants of a Welsh expedition which is supposed to have landed on the New England coast some ten centuries ago, and to have worked its way across the continent almost to the Pacific.
Apparently it did not occur to any of these “wise men of the east” that there was anything incongruous in a sup posed journey afoot for more than 2,000 miles across an un known country, in the face of more or less opposition from half a hundred different Indian tribes. They produced a considerable number of words and phrases in the Zuni language which were almost identical with terms used in Wales as evidence of the relationship. Physicians might infer that the white Indians were albinos, but there is no definite evidence to support that inference any more than the other.
On account of the disinclination of the white Indians to expose themselves in the daylight few white men have seen them.
In every way, save in the color of their skin and hair, the white Indians are the same as their copper-hued brethren. Their skin is of a dirty white color—dirty, of course, because that is the one fixed characteristic of the Indian skin, no matter how much it may vary in color. Their hair is a tawny white, while that of the normal Indian is always very black. They cannot expose themselves to the sunlight without be coming badly sunburned, and they do not tan, as most white men do in that land of everlasting sunshine, but their skin becomes red and inflamed, like the arms of a man who has taken his first swim of the season in an abbreviated bathing costume.
The eyes of these abnormal Indians are even more sensitive to the light than their skins, and when out of their houses these unfortunates go squinting through their closed lids to the right and left. At night only are they comfortable in the open air, and in the daytime they haunt the semi-darkness of the interior rooms in the huge hive-like clusters of houses which form the village.
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* "Were the original Japanese Caucasians? American Scholar Discovers a Strange People in a Secluded Part of the Mikado's Empire" (1902-01, Our Day newsmagazine, Vol. 21, N. 1, pg. 4) (.pdf) [is.gd/PDmXJ0]:
Benjamin Smith Lyman, a Philadelphia geologist in the employ of the Mikado of Japan, has made discoveries of universal interest. In an expedition lasting several years he made an exhaustive study of the northernmost possessions of the island empire of the East, which has been almost a sealed book for centuries.
Even the most learned of Japanese scholars have known little of its people or . their condition. According to Mr. Lyman, it is stated that the original inhabitants of Japan were Caucasians, who, like the American Indians, were gradually decimated by a race of another color, until today only a corporal's guard survives in the inaccessible wilds of Yesso.
The explorer essayed a virgin field; even the very-name of the Japanese Caucasians was not known to a certainty. Mr. Lyman, from his extensive knowledge of Japanese lore, believes in writing it Aino,
thus differing with the Rev. John Bachelor, who spells it Ainu. The name Aino is really an expression of contempt, dating back to the times of the Japanese conquest, when the conquering Mongolians bestowed the name Aino, son of a dog, on their adversaries, the original Caucasian lords of the soil.
The following absorbingly interesting account of the manners and customs of these Japanese aborigines is culled from Mr. Lyman's own record of his researches: The Ainos are now but a small
tribe, numbering about 17,000, living mainly in Yesso, and a smaller number in the southern end of Sagalin. Formerly they lived as far south as Tokio. Still existing names of places, evidently of Aino origin, show that the race formerly lived even in all the principal islands of Japan.
The result of many centuries of warfare between the Japanese and the Ainos has been the gradual exodus of the Ainos northward: the entire submission of their small remnant to the Japanese occurred several hundred years ago. So completely do the Japanese consider the Ainos united to them that the Japanese government, on relinquishing to Russia all claim upon Sagalin, about twenty seven years ago, stipulated that those Ainos in Sagalin who should desire might remove to Yesso; a considerable number were so brought southward and settled not far from Sapporo, the capital of Yesso.
Before going to Yesso the traveler is likely to hear some account of the Ainos from the Japanese; he will be told that the Aino is covered with fur and is a Caliban, “as disproportioned in his manners as in his shape.” This criticism is somewhat severe. It is true that his appearance inclines strongly toward the uncouth and wild. But it will be seen, on closer examination, that his conformity with European ideas of proportion in face and general form are greater than with most other Eastern natives. Their hairiness has been much exaggerated. The hairiest among them has only a beard to the breast, and a long mustache; he also has hair on his shoulders and down the upper arm; a strong line of hair down the middle of his breast and much on his legs.
The Aino women have a peculiar custom of tattooing their lips with a tattoo mark exactly like a huge moustache. This at tempt at aping natural masculine adornment is abandoned when the Aino belle catches a husband. The tattooing is often done on the backs of the hands and forearms, in the shape of large cross marks, always, however, before marriage. The men are not tattooed at all.
The houses of the Ainos are really huts, sometimes quite large, made of reeds fixed upon a framework of poles tied together. There are bunks for sleeping and a fireplace. The smoke escapes by a hole in the roof, but at one village chimneys were seen. These are a rarity, even among the Japanese.
As the Ainos live mainly by hunting and fishing, they are generally gathered in villages near the seashore. The vast interior wilderness of Yesso is but sparsely inhabited. They fish for salmon, herring and sardines, but do not hunt the whale, respecting it because it feeds on the herring, and therefore drives shoals of the latter fish into shallow water near land, where they can be easily caught by the Ainos. The Ainos do not cultivate the ground. The forest is their garden, and yields them not only meat, but vegetables; a kind of wild lily root, slightly bitter and mealy, makes a very good substitute for potatoes. They gather burdock roots and one or two other delicacies.
The chief weapons are the bow and arrow, a large cleaver and a small knife.
The dress of the Ainos is somewhat like that of the Japanese, though the sleeves are of somewhat scantier proportions. This tunic is held at the waist by a narrow girdle, from which hangs the sheathed cleaver, a knife and a wooden tobacco box and pipe. The feet are shod with a sandal made from the inner bark of a tree. As the snows are very heavy in Yesso, the inhabitants wear snowshoes
when necessary. Their garments are made of fibre from the inner bark of the ohiyo tree; it is taken off in strips twenty or thirty feet in length.
The Aino men have a curious implement known as a moustache lifter. It consists of a flat piece of tastefully carved wood, resembling a paper cutter. It is used to raise the moustache while drinking.
The Ainos are not an inactive or lazy race. They hunt for large fish in the streams, throwing stones in the water to make the fish move about; others on the lookout, often up to their middle in the water, spear or hook the fish in the side with a hook tied to the end of a long pole.
They are fond of music, and on their march through the wilderness produce with some kind of pipe very melodious flute-like notes. At home they have stringed musical instruments of three, five and six strings; the strings are made of the sinews of dead whales that have been cast up on the shore. Their most singular musical instrument is a sort of jews harp made of bamboo; the tongue of wood is set in motion by the vibration of the breath in singing. Singing is also a favorable amusement.
Their favorite indulgence is getting drunk on Japanese rice beer, or with inferior drinks of their own brewing.
The Ainos have been called stupid, but are rather uncultivated from living so remote and scattered in the wilderness. The Japanese government has undertaken the proper schooling of the children, with
every indication of a satisfactory result.
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Laser technologies have uncovered a vast network of hidden cities surrounding Cambodia’s famous Angkor Wat temples that reveals the Khmer empire could have been the largest in the world at its time.
Australian archaeologist Damian Evans’ findings, which are due to be published in the Journal of Archaeological Science on Monday, detail the scale of the discovery surrounding the temples of Angkor Wat, the largest religious monument in the world.
Cutting-edge laser technology, known as Lidar, which is fired from a helicopter into the ground, penetrating through forests, was used to produce detailed imagery of the Earth’s surface. It revealed a network of ancient cities between 900 and 1,400 years old, with some as big as Cambodia’s capital Phnom Penh, according to The Guardian.
The data, captured in 2015, suggests the Khmer empire would have been the largest in the world during the 12 century.
Evans first carried out a light detection and ranging study in 2012, and the project received funding from the European Research Council as a result.
The 2012 study revealed connections between Angkor Wat and other temple cities like Koh Ker. It also confirmed the presence of Mahendraparvata, a city beneath Mount Kulen, and the more recent survey revealed the scale of that city.
Water systems were also discovered, which shows the technology was used hundreds of years earlier than previously believed.
David Chandler, emeritus professor at Monash University in Melbourne and one of the leading experts on Cambodian history, described the findings as “game-changing,” saying it had succeeded in “putting hundreds of nameless, ordinary, Khmer-speaking people back into Cambodia’s past.”
The new discovery also debunks a previously held theory that suggested the Khmer had fled from the area when the Thais invaded in the 15th Century. “That didn’t happen, there are no cities [revealed by the aerial survey] that they fled to. It calls into question the whole notion of an Angkorian collapse,” Evans said.
South-East Asia’s leading archaeologist, Charles Higham, a professor at Dunedin’s University of Otago in New Zealand, summed up the discovery, “Personally, it is wonderful to be alive as these new discoveries are being made. Emotionally, I am stunned. Intellectually, I am stimulated.”
Although the collected data will take years to fully analyze, the discovery is sure to reveal more about the Khmer empire and provide a boost to Cambodian tourism. Angkor Wat is Cambodia’s main tourist attraction, but the vast archaeological park located in Siem Reap has experienced a stagnation in ticket sales in 2016, the Phnom Penh Post reports.
* "A Cross-Section of Results from the 2015 Lidar Campaign" (2016-05-31, angkorlidar.org) [archive.is/yLvMj]. Image caption: Shaded relief map of the terrain around the central monuments of Sambor Prei Kuk
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* "Mammoths and Mastodons: All American Monsters; A mammoth discovery in 1705 sparked a fossil craze and gave the young United States a symbol of national might" (2010-04, smithsonianmag.com) [archive.is/4bNZt]
* "Jefferson’s Old Bones: Did the so-called father of American vertebrate paleontology believe in fossils?" (2011-05, americanscientist.org) page 1 [archive.is/Oe9KI], page 2 [archive.is/mWI12], page 3 [archive.is/baIP3], page 4 [archive.is/ZoID4]
* "Thomas Jefferson: Paleontologist" (by Thomas O. Jewett, earlyamerica.com) [archive.is/XVPVj] [begin excerpt]: Paleontology seems to have been Jefferson’s main interest in a pure science. Some such as Frederick Lucas and Henry Osborn have dubbed him the “Father of Paleontology”. They felt that Jefferson laid the foundations of the science with his refutation of Buffon’s degeneracy theory, his invention of “stratigraphical” observation which established the fundamental principle of scientific excavation (Lehmann, 1985), and his work on the Megalonyx.
There are some though, who feel that Jefferson does not deserve the title. They argue that the entire basis of his beliefs about paleontology were mistaken since he denied that any animal species could ever become extinct. “Such is the economy of nature, that in no instance can be produced her having permitted any race of her animals to become extinct.” (As cited in Curtis, 1901). It is this reasoning which allowed Jefferson to put forth the theory that there was a large herd of mammoths wandering wild in the Mississippi Valley and one of the reasons he sponsored expeditions to the West.
Perhaps Jefferson’s greatest contribution to paleontology is that while President he helped to make it a respectable pursuit and was largely responsible through the American Philosophical Society for bringing together the materials necessary for its advancement. As the first citizen of the young nation, Jefferson’s passion brought prestige and respectability to the young science. [end excerpt]
* "Thomas Jefferson built this country on Mastodons" (2015-07-02, atlasobscura.com) [archive.is/ziTbp], illustration caption: Drawing of an early 19th century attempt at a mammoth restoration. Note the upside-down tusks.
* "The Last Mammoth: Lewis and Clark’s Secret Mission" (by Tim Deatrick and Jaime Babbitt, National Association of Tribal Historic Preservation Officers, nathpo.org) [archive.is/JBxmR] [begin excerpt]: 1781, a tooth sent to Thomas Jefferson by General George Rogers Clark from Big Bone Lick, Kentucky was the beginning of what has been described as “the greatest camping trip of all time,” the manifest destiny of a fledgling nation; but to the Native Americans who lived along the rivers, plains and mountains of the Lewis and Clark “Corps of Discovery” trail, it was an unprovoked invasion. It was a mammoth hunt that forever changed the native way of life. [...]
Native Americans have a specific way of revealing their historical knowledge. Their oral stories are often embellished with interactions between historical events and supernatural beings. In 1762, the Shawnee told John Wright about the big stone skeletons found along the Ohio River. They said the bones belonged to an immense animal, the "father of all buffalo," which had been hunted by "great and strong men" of the distant past. But the Great Spirit destroyed the huge animals with lightning. The Delaware elders told Thomas Jefferson a similar story; only they claimed that the gigantic animals were driving away smaller game, like deer and bear. This angered their god, who blasted the great beasts with lightning. Only their petrified bones were left, although some thought that the huge animals escaped to the far north.
The origins of the Lewis and Clark expedition took root in Jefferson’s childhood fascinations with Native Americans and their legends. After the war of Independence, General Clark’s mammoth tooth set in motion Jefferson’s quest to find a living mammoth and confirm his belief of a westward migration. His opportunity to seek the mammoth came during his first term as President in 1803 with the launch of the Corps of Discovery. Jefferson’s motive was twofold: Lewis and Clark would discover living specimens of the fossils; and “to extinguish the native right of soil within our limits, to extend those limits.” –Jefferson’s Inaugural Address, 1801.
In a secret letter to Congress dated January 18, 1803, Jefferson sought Congressional funding for the expedition without mention of the scientific purposes for the mission and stated that commerce and converting the Indians to agriculture would “prepare them ultimately to participate in the benefits of our governments.” He knew diplomacy with the increased goal of commerce could be sold to Congress and scientific discovery could not.
The Congress approved the Corps of Discovery funding in February 1803 and in April, Jefferson sent Lewis to Lancaster and Philadelphia to be tutored in the natural sciences, particularly paleontology. On his way to meet Clark for the expedition, Jefferson ordered Lewis to investigate the skeletal remains of a mammoth uncovered by Cincinnati physician Dr. William Goforth at Big Bone Lick and to send bones to the White House in his instructions to Lewis for the Corps of Discovery, Jefferson asked Lewis to note, “animals of the country generally not known in the U.S. and the remains and accounting of any which may be deemed rare or extinct.”
The Corps of Discovery was not a benevolent mission. Welcomed notions quickly turned to unexpected surprise of betrayal. Upon meeting a tribe for the first time, captains of the expedition informed tribal leaders their land now belonged to the United States government and their “new great father” was President Thomas Jefferson. The Lewis and Clark Expedition was the trickle that started the flood of subjugation. [end excerpt]
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* (2016-05-31, Mark Laplume) [archive.is/gTIJW]: Tiahuanaco. You know, at the time in 1914, this was an interesting skull because it was bisected, sawed in half to see the inside. Very unusual to see a juvenile skull with both fused and disappeared Occipital and Saggital sutures. Photo: Arthur Posnansky, 1914
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Sanctuary of Ulaca. Villaviciosa (Solosancho, Ávila, Spain).
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Ibero-Celtics in North America -
* "The Egypto-Libyan presence in Pre-Colombian America" (1995, by Cyclone Covey, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem NC) page 1 [archive.is/ewvrY], page 2 [archive.is/xyHTP], page 3 [archive.is/pXlKC], page 4 [archive.is/ERkYG]
* "In Plain Sight: Old School Records in Ancient America" book (gloriafarley.com) [http://is.gd/dPqczN], including Chapter 3 "They Signed Their Names" [archive.is/znJFQ], also see Chapters 1 [archive.is/A6tSE], 2 [archive.is/k9PDT], 4 [archive.is/q64DH], 9 [archive.is/HzSBS], 11 [archive.is/RTfGB]
* "Irish in America Before Columbus" (1995, by Ida Jane Gallagher and Barry Fell) [archive.is/ZMLuD], intro: A petroglyph in Wyoming County, West Virginia, testifies to the presence of Irish monks in America between the 6th and the 8th centuries. The petroglyph was translated from Ogam Script in 1972 with two clear results. Firstly, the translation revealed a Christian message linking Christmas to the Winter Solstice. Secondly, it indicated that the sun would shine through a notch onto the text on Christmas morning. When tested, this proved to be true.
* "Ancient Ogam in Oklahoma?" (by Gary Vey, viewzone.com) [archive.is/kWIMR]
* "Decoding and translating Ogam: A new theory on an old language" (by Edo Nyland, viewzone.com) [archive.is/vwCKq], intro: Ogam is a script found in Ireland and Scotland, inscribed mostly on stone but also on bone, ivory, bronze and silver objects. It was used in Ireland from about 350 to 800 AD by the early Irish evangelists who brought Gnostic Christianity to the island, written from the bottom up. From about 750 AD to 900 AD the Benedictine monks also used it in their inscriptions and their book the Auraicept, but they wrote it from left to right.
* "Stone inscription found in Tennessee proves that America was discovered 1,500 years before Colombus" (by Dr. Cyrus Gordon, with Roy Bongartz) [archive.is/cUd5M]
* "A Message from the past" (1983, by Robert L. Pyle, WV Division of Natural Resources) [archive.is/nttgC]
* "Light dawns on West Virginia history" (1983, by Ida Jane Gallagher, WV Division of Natural Resources) [archive.is/Yt3yM]
* "Christian messages in old Irish script deciphered from rock carvings in W. Va." (1983, by Barry Fell, WV Division of Natural Resources) [archive.is/rmhk]
* "Stone secrets of the First Americans; From ancient Inscriptions, newly deciphered, comes startling evidence that Europeans had settled in America as early as 800 BC" (1977, by Thomas Fleming) [archive.is/0XUiX]
* "Where in North America did the Vikings settle?" (by Paul H.Chapman) [archive.is/lEF7], intro: Despite what the establishment historians would like you to believe, L'Anse aux Meadows is not the Vinland described in old Norse sagas. Vinland is the entire island of Newfoundland, as shown herein by evidence from three separate disciplines: navigation, geography and history - all corroborating. Driving from St John's to St Anthony one can view the sites seen by Leif Eriksson and Thorfinn Karlsefni en route.
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* "Shakespeare Re-invented; A journey through 400 years of fantasy" (by Keith Browning, shakespearereinvented.wordpress.com)
- Chapters 1 through 4 [archive.is/Yymsm]
- Chapters 5 through 7 [archive.is/I7x8Z]
- Chapters 8 through 13 [archive.is/oHwM6]
- Chapters 14 through the Epilogue [archive.is/IOO4D]
* "Hansel and Gretel: The True Story" (by Myron D. Sanders, via dimensionsmagazine.com) [archive.is/uI0uN]: Once upon a time, in a village in Switzerland lived a teenager, Hansel, and his twin sister, Gretel. On their 14th birthday, their mother sent them out into the woods while she prepared a surprise party for them. As it turned out, the mother was the one who ended up with a big surprise.
While they were wandering out in the woods, Hansel and Gretel got lost. Eventually, they came upon a house made of Gingerbread. After walking about all morning they were hungry so they started eating on the house. Now, the house belonged to a wicked witch, named Helga, who ate children. When she heard the sound of the children eating on her house, she came out and grabbed them.
After looking over the two, she decided that Gretel would make the best meal, so Helga locked Gretel in a cage hanging from the ceiling. Then she forced Hansel to help her prepare vast amounts of cakes, cookies, pies, and other sweets for Gretel to fatten her up.
Now Gretel, who was already a little bit overweight, was glad happy to eat all the sweets she could hold. After the first six-months she had gained 100 pounds and was starting to develop into womanhood. Her breasts were fully developed, and with the extra weight they were soft and round, like her belly. Hansel was amazed at how full and round his sister had become. By the time of their 15th birthday, Gretel had gained another 125 pounds; she now was at a sexy 360 pounds. Her measurements were 50-45-60. A luscious pear-shaped babe that would drive any FA mad. However, the witch was starting to feel that it was time to eat Gretel.
Like most witches, Helga only had one eye, and she couldn't see too well out of it a,..,nyway, so she had to use a seeing glass. Scared that the witch would make true of her threat, Hansel stole her seeing glass while Helga was asleep, and broke it. Without her seeing glass, Helga had to test Gretel's weight gain now by feeling her forefinger, and checking the amount of fat on it.
So, when the time came for Gretel to be checked, she stuck out a chicken bone, from the previous night's dinner. Thinking the bone was Gretel's finger, Helga screeched out, "She's nothing but skin and bones! We must bake twice as much now... she must be fattened up more!"
With Hansel and Helga crazily baking sweets and other fattening goodies, Gretel was gaining weight like crazy. And all the while she was getting more and more beautiful. On their 16th birthday, Gretel tipped the scales at a whopping 700 pounds! The cage she was locked in kept getting more cramped each day, finally six months later, when Gretel had reached 1,000 pounds, the cage could no longer hold her and it burst open. Gretel's massive folds of fat came spilling out, like a butterfly emerging from a cocoon. The noise of the bursting cage woke the witch, when she came running into the room; a soft, fleshy wall of fat stopped her, which was Gretel's belly. Once she realized what it was, the witch was in an outrage. She had Hansel fire up the enormous oven she had in the cellar. Then Helga made Gretel go down to the cellar and wait. Later the witch returned with her magic book and started to cast a spell that would make the enormous Gretel light as a feather, so she could easily shove Gretel into the oven. After finding the spell, the witch attempted to roast Gretel alive. However, because Gretel was so massive, she would not fit into the oven. The witch tried as hard as she could, but Gretel wouldn't fit. While the witch was busy trying to shove Gretel in the oven, Hansel took the witch's book and removed the spell. At once Gretel fell down and crushed the witch.
With the witch dead, the two left the witch's house to return home. Only after Gretel finished eating the house. Now, at age 17, the two returned home. Both were grown up now, Hansel was still at his same weight before entering the witch's house. On the other hand Gretel had gained over 975, and was at an impressive 1110 pounds.
Gretel continued to gain, but not as fast as she did before. When she turn 25, she was at 1500 pounds. She met a rich prince from Turkey who treasured her for her massive size and married her. Gretel went to live at his palace and was worshiped like a goddess. Before she died at the age of 76, Gretel reached her top weight of 5,003 pounds.
===*===*===
* "Ice Age Europeans had brown eyes & dark complexion – DNA research" (2016-05-03, rt.com) [archive.is/pk3re] [begin excerpt]: The study concluded that the genes of Ice Age Europeans show prevailing dark complexions and brown eyes. The evidence also revealed that blue eyes appeared 14,000 years ago at most, while pale skin spread across the continent some 7,000 years ago. Both were brought in by migration from the Near East. [end excerpt]
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* "New Book Takes Issue with Conquistadors’ Version of the Fall of the Aztecs" (2015-10-01, news.fordham.edu) [archive.is/zZyrc]
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* "Early Urban Planning: Ancient Mayan City Built on Grid" (2015-04-29, livescience.com) [archive.is/KLoV3], image caption: Archaeologists have mapped an early Mayan city, revealing the city used a rigid grid system with the main ceremonial way aligned east to west.
* "Headline Crime Sports Editorial Publisher Letters Features Regional International More… Guilty of destroying ancient Maya site, Noh Mul!" (2016-04-19, amandala.com.bz) [archive.is/rQc1z]
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* "Siddhartha’s Brain: Unlocking the Ancient Science of Enlightenment; The Buddha’s mindfulness practice reconfigures our brains to make us sharper, smarter, healthier and happier, and that it can help treat stress, anxiety, depression, chronic pain, hypertension and substance abuse" (2016-04-22, beliefnet.com) [archive.is/3JeYY]
* "US returns stolen ancient Buddhist sculpture to Pakistan; The US has returned an ancient Buddhist stone sculpture to Pakistan, from where it was stolen in the 1980" (2016-04-28, bbc.com) [archive.is/1DUXA], photo caption: The sculpture of Buddha's footprints is known as a Buddhapada
* "The Marvelous Swastika", excerpt from "Parsifal Unveiled", a book by Samael Aun Weor [archive.is/ZF0yQ] [begin excerpt]: It is written with fiery characters in the great book of life that the unutterable secret of the Great Arcanum is miraculously hidden within the Jaina or Jinn cross. This is the marvelous clue of the sexual transmutation.
It is not difficult to comprehend that such a magical cross is the same swastika of the great mysteries…While in a delectable ecstasy of a yearning soul, we can and even must place ourselves in mystical contact with Janus, the austere and sublime Jinn hierophant, who in a foregone time of our world taught the science of the Jinns.
There are two schools that compete with each other in secret Tibet. I want to clearly refer to the Mahayana and Jinayana [Vajrayana] institutions.
“Strait is the gate, and narrow is the way, which leadeth unto life, and few there be that find it…” - Matthew 7:14
The Jinayana [Vajrayana] path is, without a doubt, Buddhic and Christic. It is cited in the sacred books. It is mentioned in the Four Gospels.
Pure souls in the state of perfect beatitude can experience in a direct way the intimate relationship between the swastika and the Jinayana [Vajrayana] path.
H. P. B., the great martyr of the nineteen century, was right when telling us that the swastika of Fusaiolas is the most sacred and mystical symbol: that ineffable sign actually glows over the head of the great serpent of Vishnu, the Shesta Ananta of one thousand heads, whose habitat is in Patala or the inferior region.
While advancing with the cross on our shoulders towards the Mount of the Skulls, we come to evidence that all the nations of ancient times always put the swastika at the head of their sacred symbols.
The complete lucidity of the Spirit allows us to comprehend that the swastika is Thor’s hammer, the magical weapon forged by the pygmies against the giants, or pre-cosmic titanic forces, who were in opposition to the law of universal harmony. The sacred swastika is then the hammer that produces the tempests which the Ases or heavenly lords use. [end excerpt]
* from "Jain Symbols" (worldofjainism.com) [archive.is/gsIV3]
* "Spreading seeds by human migration" (2016-04-13, universityofcalifornia.edu) [archive.is/yX6cS] [begin excerpt]: Using DNA collected from corn grown by immigrant farmers in Los Angeles and Riverside, researchers at UC Riverside have found the genetic diversity of corn in some home and community gardens in Southern California far exceeds levels found in commercially available seeds.
The researchers cautioned that this is a preliminary study with a small sample size. Future research would expand to include a greater number of gardens, and focus on characteristics of the corn, such as tolerance to drought, difference in cob size and flowering time.
The research addresses the importance of maintaining a diverse range of genetic resources for future crop improvement. A broad mix of genetic material is useful for breeding modern improved lines, minimizing the vulnerability of inbred crops to pathogens and pests, improving performance and incorporating unique traits.
Yet, crop genetic diversity is threatened in developing and developed countries as policies and program encourage the use of relatively homogeneous modern cultivars and as people migrate from farms to cities, often abandoning farming altogether. [...]
Past research has shown that corn genetic diversity is being eroded, particularly in Mexico and conservation strategies tend to fall into two categories: ex situ and in situ. Ex situ refers to using a controlled environment, such as a gene bank or botanical garden, to maintain genetic resources. In situ refers to a farmer-based approach via traditional agricultural practices like seed saving and selective breeding. [...]
“People collect baseball cards and people collect plant seeds,” Ellstrand said. “In reality, it is not all that surprising that as people move around they help preserve the genetic diversity of plants.” [end excerpt]
Ancient News
* "An ancient site spotted from space could rewrite the history of Vikings in North America" (2016-04-01, washingtonpost.com) [archive.is/UbVvz]
* "Ancient DNA shows European wipe-out of early Americans" (2016-04-02, adelaide.edu.au) [archive.is/Up1eo]
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* "Egyptian hieroglyphics digitally restored to former psychedelic glory" (2016-03-31, rt.com):
Attached videos [https://youtu.be/-8oxSG8mUtw] [https://youtu.be/xg8pVmBwmcI].
Archaeologists at New York’s Metropolitan Museum of Art have digitally restored artwork from an ancient Egyptian temple, showing the time of the pharaohs in an incredibly detailed and colorful light.
Due to 2,000 years of flooding and the harsh desert sandstorms, many of the original signs that ancient Egyptian architecture was once vibrant and brightly colored have been wiped away.However, by studying first hand accounts of Egyptian explorers - such as early diagrams by Britain’s Aylward M. Blackman - and even the ancient civilisation’s fashion sense, experts have reimagined the mesmerizing colors which would have adorned the Temple of Dendur.
The 10 BC temple once sat on the banks of the River Nile, before a UNESCO salvage project rescued it from yearly flood damage in the 1960s. It was later given to the United States in 1965 by the Egyptian government and then donated to the Met museum two years later by US president Lyndon B. Johnson.In an initiative aptly named ‘Color The Temple’, the Met MediaLab team have now used mapping technology and projected beams of light to brighten a scene of hieroglyphics that until recently had been nullified by beige Aeolian sandstone.
The markings depict Roman emperor Caesar Augustus, in full pharaoh dress, presenting wine to the god of the sky, Horus, and love goddess Hathor. As ruler of Egypt at the time, Augustus would have wanted his subjects to think of him as their pharaoh.
After consulting 19th and 20th century surveys of the building, the team of creatives at New York’s Met settled on a series of likely color patterns to overlay the symbols with pinpoint accuracy.
The result is about as trippy as watching a blue god take booze off a Roman emperor can get, with kaleidoscopic colors enhancing the previously faded symbols.
“Using relatively recent advances in software, we were able to experiment with restoration using nondestructive means (projected light rather than a material like paint) to temporarily display content with presenting any challenges for conservation,” a Met Museum blog post explains [archive.is/IPYAI].
* "Ancient 'unicorn' rhino may have lived alongside humans" (2016-03-29, wired.co.uk) [archive.is/UOgwT]
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* "Ancient underground city in İzmit excites archaeology world; A new excavation process will start in April in northwestern Turkey, where officials believe a huge ancient palace lies underground" (2016-03-04, hurriyetdailynews.com) [archive.is/oZ51J]
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* "Ancient pyramids older than Egypt's found…in POLAND; PYRAMIDS an incredible 600 years OLDER than those in Egypt have been discovered in Poland – strengthening the case of ancient sites in Europe" (2016-03-21, dailystar.co.uk) [archive.is/LetNK]
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The Longyou Caves are 24 massive man-made caverns located in Zhejiang province, China. With a total volume of at least half a million cubic meters. Although exact dating of the site is sketchy at this time, the Longyou Caves were likely built around 1200 BC.
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* "Ancient Brahmi epigraphic text found" (2016-03-28, thehindu.com) [archive.is/wNsUL]
* "South Koreans kick off efforts to clone extinct Siberian cave lions; Samples taken from cubs frozen in permafrost for at least 12,000 years" (2016-03-04, siberiantimes.com) [siberiantimes.com/science/casestudy/news/n0606-south-koreans-kick-off-efforts-to-clone-extinct-siberian-cave-lions/] [archive.is/NEz9C] [peeep.us/5c9a6bd1]
* "South Korean geneticists to try clone extinct Siberian lions" (2016-03-06, rt.com) [rt.com/news/334684-siberian-lions-clone-korea/] [archive.is/lmUo9] [peeep.us/49580e72]: A South Korean researcher, who was once declared a “supreme scientist” has assumed the task of bringing Ice Age lions back to life, by using DNA from two 12,000 year old cubs which have been found phenomenally well-preserved in Siberia.
Photos: Cubs [archive.is/sdUUx] [archive.is/w8uTE],
scientist [archive.is/HRP4W].
The frozen animals, nicknamed Uyan and Dina after the river where they were uncovered, date back thousands of years. They were located by a group of researchers who had originally been looking for mammoth tusks in Yakutia, eastern Russia, late last year.
South Korean geneticist Hwang Woo-suk has now reportedly taken up the mantle of responsibility and hopes to have the extinct creatures cloned in the not too distant future.
The scientific expert, previously embroiled in a huge scandal involving falsified embryo research, traveled to the Yakutian Academy of Sciences to take samples of the cub, Dina.
According to the The Siberian Times, the South Korean has been forced to use fewer cell samples than he initially wanted.
Russian researchers currently conducting investigations into the phenomenally-well preserved cubs are keen to keep much of the DNA intact, in the hope that future gains in technology will yield greater scientific results.
It’s for this reason that the animal known as Uyan is being kept completely intact.
“We intend to keep it for the future. The methods of research are constantly being improved, about once a decade there is a mini-revolution in this area.
“So we will do everything possible to keep this carcass frozen for as long as possible,” said Dr Albert Protopopov, head of mammoth fauna studies at the Yakutia Academy of Sciences.
Following the discovery of the two-to-three week old creatures, Dr Protopopov reported how radiocarbon analysis and molecular examinations would be carried out to find out more about the “origin of cave lions and their kin.”
Woo-suk’s research has also seen him try his hand at cloning the woolly mammoth, leading him to try rebuild the large animal’s DNA structure. The goal has been to create an embryo which would eventually be implanted in an elephant, which is the mammoth’s closest living relative.
* "Russia: 10,000-year-old "exceptional" lion cubs go on display in Yautsk" [https://youtu.be/7bn1hiwNwR8]
* "25,000 Year Old Buildings Found In Russia" (2016-02-14, boopow.com) [archive.is/RbMcq]
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* "Neanderthals may have used manganese dioxide for fire" (2016-03-01, UPI newswire) [archive.is/pbH8R]
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* "New evidence suggests Stone Age hunters from Europe discovered America" (2012-02-28, independent.co.uk) [archive.is/lvWk6]
* "Harvard Professor Confirms Bering Strait Theory Is Not Fact" (2012-07-31, indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com) [archive.is/z0rAW]
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* " 'Alien in Chelyabinsk': 2,000-yo skeleton with cone head dug up at Russian Stonehenge" (2015-07-28, rt.com) [archive.is/GYojy], attached video [https://youtu.be/fnS1hvpThB8]
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* "Deeper underground: Drone films incredible Chinese cave homes" (2016-03-05, rt.com) [archive.is/YI5ef], video [https://youtu.be/sj1ysrtPDnw]:
A drone has captured a bird’s eye view of a spectacular underground village in the province of Henan, central China.
The footage reveals a subterranean village complex consisting of man-made caves in the city of Sanmenxia, which has the largest collection of such homes - at around 100 clusters.
Two-meter wide wells prevent the cave homes and courtyards from flooding, Channel News Asia reports.
The structures prevent temperatures dropping too low in winter and too high in summer as they protect inhabitants from strong winds and scorching surface temperatures.
These Yaodong, as the homes are known, carry on the cave-dwelling tradition of ancient China.
The cave homes provide ideal conditions as they are warm in winter, and cool in summer, with temperatures ranging between 10 and 20 degrees Celsius (50 to 68 Fahrenheit).
The video shows stairs the residents use to get in and out and reveals how residents lead normal lives underground.
The cave home building technique has been listed as a National Intangible Cultural Heritage since 2010 and many tourists visit Sanmenxia to see the underground homes.
The technique originated during China's Bronze Age when people began living in dwellings built within deep pits but reached its peak during the Ming and Qing dynasties.
* "By the beard of Zeus: 1,700-year-old manuscript discovered on eBay for $99" (2015-11-23, rt.com) [archive.is/O1snl]
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* "Flowering Splendor: The World’s Driest Desert Turns Into Blooming Carpet; The driest desert of the world, the Atacama, located on the Pacific coast and covering 1,000 kilometers of Chilean land, has suddenly turned into a gorgeous carpet of wildflowers, after El Nino, a periodic warming in sea surface temperatures across the Equatorial Pacific, brought the heaviest rainfall in two decades earlier this year" (2015-11-01, sputniknews.com) [archive.is/PyFCI]
* "Hueyatlaco: 250,000 Year Old Settlement In Mexico Found Under Volcanic Ash" (2012-10-05, beforeitsnews.com) [archive.is/QRl0Y]. Not so much evidence for an ancient city, but insight into the deficiencies of "scientific dating" methods... or, perhaps, this really is a 250,000 year-old city.
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* Possible ancient drill hole in andesite stone [archive.is/zMhIw]
* Brien Foerster writes [archive.is/vBDFK]: One of my favourite stones at Puma Punku in Bolivia yesterday. The groove clearly seems machined, and the drill holes are evenly spaced and could only have been achieved with a POWER DRILL
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* Cave di Cusa "Quarry of Accusation" [archive.is/saVzj]. The question is, "How did the 'Ancient Greeks' cut out these massive stone columns straight out of the rock?"
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* "Metal From City Of Atlantis Found Off Sicilian Coast" (2015-01-07, inquisitr.com) [archive.is/OGIOz]: The metal was recovered from a ship that sunk more than 2,600 years ago. The metal, orichalucum, was believed by the Ancient Greeks to have been found in only one place: the lost city of Atlantis.
Experts believe that the ingots from Atlantis were arriving to Gela in southern Sicily – possibly being delivered from Greece or Asia Minor. The ship carrying the metal was most likely caught in a storm and sunk just as it was about to enter a Sicilian port.
Sicily’s superintendent of the Sea Office, Sebastiano Tusa, spoke about the shipwreck and the discovery.
“The wreck dates to the first half of the sixth century.It was found about 1,000 feet from Gela’s coast at a depth of 10 feet. Nothing similar has ever been found. We knew orichalcum from ancient texts and a few ornamental objects.”
Orichalcum, the metal of Atlantis, has an ancient and mysterious history. For centuries, experts have hotly debated the metal’s composition and origin. According to the ancien Greeks, orichalcum was invented by Cadmus, a Greek-Phoenician mythological character. The Greek philosopher Plato mentioned orichalcum as a legendary metal when he mentioned it in the Critias dialogue. Plato described the city of Atlantis as flashing “with the red light of orichalcum.” Plato said that the metal, second only in value to gold, was mined on Atlantis used to cover all the surfaces in Poseidon’s temple.
Most experts agree today that orichalcum is a brass-like allow which was actually made by cementation. This is a process whereby zinc ore, charcoal and copper metal are combined in a crucible. When analyzed with X-ray fluorescence, the 39 ingots of Atlantis metal turned out to be an allow made with 75-80 percent copper, 14-20 percent zinc and smaller percentages of nickel, lead and iron.
Tusa commented on the importance of the discovery.
“The finding confirms that about a century after its foundation in 689 B.C., Gela grew to become a wealthy city with artisan workshops specialized in the production of prized artifacts.”
Mentioned briefly in only two of Plato’s works, Critias and Timaeus, readers have latched onto the legend of the island of Atlantis with unending fascination. Reportedly consisting of an advanced society – a utopia of sorts – that ultimately displeased the Greek gods and was sunk to the bottom of the ocean as a result. Since Atlantis was first mentioned in ancient Greece, man has attempted to determine its location, searching everywhere from the Mediterranean Sea to the polar ice caps to the South Pacific.
As of yet, however, Atlantis has remained hidden, if it ever existed at all. Is the orichalcum discovered near Sicily evidence of Atlantis? And if not, why was the metal so rarely used in the ancient world if it was so beautiful? Perhaps one day we’ll know the answers.
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* "Does New Theory Pinpoint Lost City of Atlantis? An author’s obsessive quest leads to a site off the coast of Morocco" (2015-03-18, news.nationalgeographic.com) [archive.is/8Mxgx]
* "Ruins of Atlantis located on land in Morocco, experts claims" (2015-03-16, inquisitr.com) [archive.is/LewSz]
* "Did Atlantis really exist on the Moroccan coast?" (2015-03-15, nypost.com) [archive.is/oqgJJ]
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* "A submerged monolith in the Sicilian Channel (central Mediterranean Sea): Evidence for Mesolithic human activity" (2015-09, Journal of Archaeological Science) [archive.is/A6qsN]
* "Underwater 'Stonehenge' Monolith Found Off Coast of Sicily" (2015-08-06, news.discovery.com) [http://is.gd/TKvgGO]
* "New evidence of Atlantis? 'Underwater Stonehenge' found from 10,000-year-old society, scientists say" (2015-08-07, inquisitr.com) [archive.is/bUwiC]
* "Mysterious 10,000-Year-Old ‘Atlantis’ Monolith Is Found In Sea Off Sicily; The 10-foot monolith was definitely man-made" (2015-08-07) [archive.is/jvSrP]: A mysterious Stonehenge-style monolith has been discovered in deep sea off the coast of Sicily - offering an insight into ancient civilisations lost beneath the waves.
The monolith, found by researchers from Tel Aviv University, has three holes of similar diameter along its length.
The researchers believe it was man-made around 10,000 years ago.
‘There are no reasonable known natural processes that may produce these elements,’ wrote Zvi Ben-Avraham of Tel Aviv University.
The monolith was found in 131 feet of water at Pantelleria Vecchia Bank - an area believed to have been colonised by an ancient civilisation which was submerged 9,500 years ago.
Some interpretations of Plato’s stories of ‘Atlantis’ identify the legendary ‘lost’ island with Sicily.
The researchers write, ‘The Sicilian Channel is one of the shallow shelves of the central Mediterranean region where the consequences of changing sea-level were most dramatic and intense.
‘This discovery reveals the technological innovation and development achieved by the Mesolithic inhabitants in the Sicilian Channel region.
‘Such an effort undoubtedly reveals important technical skills and great engineering. It could have been some sort of a lighthouse or an anchoring system, for example.’
Photo from University of Tel Aviv:
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* "Secrets of Britain's lost Atlantis hidden under North Sea for 7,500 years to be uncovered; The secrets of Britain's own vast Atlantis lost to the North Sea thousands of years ago could soon be uncovered" (2015-09-12, express.co.uk) [archive.is/3gu8I]
* "British Atlantis: archaeologists begin exploring lost world of Doggerland; Archaeologists at the University of Bradford will be taking deep sea core samples to find the DNA of Doggerland to reconstruct the environment" (2015-09-01, telegraph.co.uk) [archive.is/j9GjG]
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* "NASA releases images of enormous 8,000-year-old patterns" (2015-10-30, rt.com) [archive.is/N2jrp]
* "Mysterious Geoglyphs in Northern Kazakhstan Get a Boost from NASA; NASA has uploaded satellite images of ancient earthworks that were discovered by a Kazakh archaeologist" (2015-10-31, sputniknews.com) [archive.is/CHv7p]
* "Turgay Trough Geoglyphs" lecture slides (2015-09-09, by Dmitriy Dey, pitt.edu) [is.gd/DaGycG], some interesting slides [is.gd/kR2cez], [is.gd/XcdNVL]
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* "New Research Led by Florida Tech Finds Amazonian Natives Had Little Impact on Land" (2015-10-28, newsroom.fit.edu) [archive.is/O0XgW]
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* "Ancient babies boost bering land bridge layover; DNA links many Native Americans to infants in Alaskan grave" (2015-10-26, unews.utah.edu) [archive.is/x97O7]
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* "Research backs human role in extinction of mammoths, other mammals" (2015-10-26, popular-archaeology.com) [archive.is/kiNBK]
* "Lost Giant Poop Disrupts Whole Planet; Study shows declines in whales, fish, seabirds and large animals damage Earth’s nutrient cycle" (2015-10-26, uvm.edu) [archive.is/otrEw]
* "Massive Herbivores Fell to 'Hypercarnivores'; How big does a mammoth's predator have to be? Pretty big" (2015-10-26, research.duke.edu) [archive.is/HQNZI]. Image caption: Juveniles of even the largest herbivores could have been felled by the Pleistocene's massive predators, especially if the carnivores worked together. (Painting courtesy of Mauricio Anton)
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* "Preshistoric plumage patterns Ornithomimus dinosaur with preserved tail feathers and skin tightens linkages between dinosaurs and birds" (2015-10-28, University of Alberta) [archive.is/Cch4g] [begin excerpt]: An undergraduate University of Alberta paleontology student has discovered an Ornithomimus dinosaur with preserved tail feathers and soft tissue. The discovery is shedding light on the convergent evolution of these dinosaurs with ostriches and emus relating to thermoregulation and is also tightening the linkages between dinosaurs and modern birds.
"We now know what the plumage looked like on the tail, and that from the mid-femur down, it had bare skin," says Aaron van der Reest. This is the first report of such preserved skin forming a web from the femoral shaft to the abdomen, never before seen in non-avian dinosaurs. [end excerpt]
* "Cat Fur and Amber Generator: An Ancient Electricity Generator" [archive.is/jwFlg]
Image: Reproduction of a fur and amber generator - ancient Greece.
There can be no doubt that ancient civilizations were aware of static electricity even if they may not have fully understood it. They also appreciated the godlike power of lightning and must have been curious to observe this effect replicated in miniature when the fur of a cat was rubbed against certain materials in a darkened room.
The effects of static electricity were first recorded by a Greek philosopher, Thales of Miletus, who lived between 624 BC and 546 BC. He is said to have experimented with amber, which the Greeks referred to as Elektron, and cat fur to create an electrical discharge as well as magnetism. From this observation a simple machine consisting of two spinning disks, one covered with leopard fur and one coated with glass or amber could be connected to gold axles and foil strips which would produce an electrical charge capable of generating sparks several inches in length.
By spinning the disks in opposite directions a static electrical charge could be transferred to the gold foil strips to create visible sparks.
* "Students revive extinct squash with 800-year-old seeds; Seeds found during an archaeological dig on First Nations land revive a long-lost varietal" (2015-10-01, mnn.com) [archive.is/5jhSm], photo caption: The seed that grew this squash were preserved for 800 years in a clay pot in Wisconsin.
* "The six women scientists who uncovered a new species of ancient human" (2015-09, amightygirl.com) [archive.is/4IaIc]
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* "Mammoth Find: Oil Workers in Siberia Find Remains of Woolly Mammoth" (2015-03-29, sputniknews.com) [archive.is/88pCv]
* "Genome Study Brings Woolly Mammoth DNA Back From the Dead" (2015-07-04, sputniknews.com) [archive.is/wGp0t]
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* "Hunter-gatherers were enjoying oatmeal 30,000 years ago" (2015-09-17, UPI Newswire) [archive.is/r63ol]
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* "Unlocking secrets of how fossils form" (2015-09-16, acs.org) [archive.is/xC5wa]
* "Pigments, organelles persist in fossil feathers; An international team of researchers has found direct chemical evidence that the fossilized remains of a bird-like dinosaur still harbor melanosomes and the pigment they produced. Their study reinforces the idea that scientists can discern the coloration of long-lost animals" (2015-08-27, news.brown.edu) [archive.is/vIoVz]
* "World's oldest computer is more ancient than first thought: Antikythera Mechanism was created in 205 BC, study claims" (2014-11-28, dailymail.co.uk) [archive.is/KukR1]
---
Unfortunately, the article is satire, but the disclaimer is not easily found, so people are sharing the article as though it were real. But, searching for the Professor "at Tel Aviv University" comes up with nothing except for the article. You must verify the basic facts before sharing, even if the article seems believable. And, yes, Jesus was of dark-skin in lands adjacent to Africa.
* " 'Jesus was Black' reveals newly found manuscript" (2015-08-20, worldnewsdailyreport.com) [archive.is/G6e9c], read the disclaimer [archive.is/2izhg#selection-689.0-689.339]
---
The "blue" race of the Gods of ancient India [archive.is/chTYJ]
---
Nsibidi (5000 B.C. – present)
Nsibidi is an ancient script used to write various languages in West Central Africa. Most notably used by the Uguakima and Ejagham (Ekoi) people of Nigeria and Cameroon, nsibidi is also used by the nearby Ebe, Efik, Ibibio, Igbo and Uyanga people.
The nsibidi set of symbols is independent of Roman, Latin or Arabic influence, and is believed by some scholars to date back to 5000 B.C., but the oldest archaeological evidence ever found (monoliths in Ikom, Nigeria) dates it to 2000 B.C.
Similar to the Kemetic medu neter, nsibidi is a system of standardized pictographs. In fact, both nsibidi and the Egyptian hieroglyphs share several of the exact characters.
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* photo : Central Chinese loess plateau, near Jingchuan, Gansu
* photo [archive.is/T8tvE]: The Loess Plateau in northwest China is home to cave dwellings dug into the mountains. The house shown was hewn from the craggy cliffs overlooking Zhangshanying Town not far from Beijing. The caves are laid out in rows one atop the other, either tunneled into the face of a cliff or scooped into a cross-section of the Loess Plateau. A cave dwelling is typically six meters deep and four meters wide. Stone slabs are piled up to form a semicircle at the entrance, which is often decorated with latticed windows. The temperature inside is usually 13 degrees Celsius higher than outside in winter and 10 degrees Celsius lower in summer.
CONHEÇA TIANSHUI, CHINA, photos [archive.is/ORDvZ] [archive.is/bmYTg] [archive.is/KogoR]
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* "Clues from Ancient Maya Reveal Lasting Impact on Environment" (2015-09-03, utexas.edu) [archive.is/1xCP0]
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* "Discovery of secret underground tunnels in Mexico confirms popular urban legend" (2015-09-10, rt.com) [archive.is/idJ76]
* photo [archive.is/AgDNl]: On the flank of Mount Stephen, fist-long trilobite fossils are part of the Burgess Shale, a more than half-billion-year-old formation rich in preserved Cambrian sea life.
* "Study: South Africans used milk-based paint 49,000 years ago" (2015-07-01, UPI Newswire) [archive.is/MLHPI]
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* "TAU Among International Researchers to Discover First Evidence of Farming in Mideast" (2015-07-22, aftau.org) [archive.is/Wez3z]
* "Researchers Identify Plant Cultivation in a 23,000-year-old site in the Galilee, 11,000 Years before Earliest-Known Agriculture" (2015-07-29, biu.ac.il) [archive.is/Tv2qn]
The megalithic mysteries of India [archive.is/kev83]. The following photograph is from the link here [archive.is/PpD9k], and shows the entrance of the VADATHIKA ROCK-CUT CAVES in the Nagarjuna Hills. Bihar.
* "Hidden Secrets of Ancient Egyptian Technology" (2015-05-22, metmuseum.org) [archive.is/HiL5a]
* "Dry Weather Reveals Amazing River With Thousands of Shiva Lingas" (2015-08-09, zonnews.com) [archive.is/rEemx] [begin excerpt]: Recently, due to dry weather, the water level of the Shalmala river in Karnataka receded, revealing the presence of thousands of Shiva Lingas carved throughout the river bed. Because of these uncountable carvings, the place gets the name “Sahasralinga” (thousand Shiva Lingas). [end except]. View photos: 1 [archive.is/UTnFH], 2 [archive.is/SN3Ej], 3 [archive.is/PF4Ce], 4 [archive.is/a8KYO], 5 [archive.is/KsLyL], 6 [archive.is/iJ671], 7 [archive.is/gEM6D], 8 [archive.is/B7ttd], 9 [archive.is/brt3a], 10 [archive.is/NvNJp], 11 [archive.is/XctT0], 12 [archive.is/wwutX], 13 [archive.is/GdaEy], 14 [archive.is/fxbev], 15 [archive.is/QviXR], 16 [archive.is/BBjJN], 17 [archive.is/W3Z6n], 18 [archive.is/vllFD], 19 [archive.is/ykQT5], 20 [archive.is/U8VlI], 21 [archive.is/Xefm6]
* "Secrets of the stones" (2003-03-13, smh.com.au) [archive.is/F7lbF] [begin excerpt]:
Image: A cross-section of a Gunditjmara dwelling made with rocks, peat sods and reeds.
For nearly 8000 years, the Gunditjmara people of western Victoria farmed eels. They modified more than 100 square kilometres of the landscape, constructing artificial ponds across the grassy wetlands and digging channels to interconnect them. They exported their produce and became an important part of the local economy. And then white settlers arrived and all they left of the Gunditjmara's thriving industry were several hundred piles of stones that had formed the foundations to the people's huts.
Since the 1970s, archaeologists have suspected that the stone remains in the Lake Condah region were evidence that the local Aborigines had lived in villages. But it was not until an eight-year research project was carried out by a Flinders University archaeologist, Heather Builth, that the real importance of the remains became clear.
The area was naturally a wetland, but Builth discovered that the Gunditjmara had modified it with weirs, channels and dams to make the landscape eel-friendly. But her research revealed something even more remarkable. The output from these eel farms would have been enormous - she estimates it could have fed up to 10,000 people. Her hunch was that this was more like an ancient fishing industry than a subsistence farm, and she set out to prove it.
She had noticed the landscape was scattered with burnt, hollowed-out trees, often right next to the eel traps. Could the structures have been ancient smokehouses? Builth took soil samples from the base of four trees. When the results came back it was her eureka moment: the samples did contain traces of eel fat. Suddenly the whole picture changed. "The Gunditjmara weren't just catching eels," she says. "Their whole society was based around eels." [end excerpt]
* "Scientist debunks nomadic Aborigine 'myth' " (2007-10-09, theguardian.com) [archive.is/0jfRA] [begin excerpt]
Photo: A picture in Dr Memmot's book shows an Aboriginal man sitting in the doorway of a dome-shaped building.
Before white settlers arrived, Australia's indigenous peoples lived in houses and villages, and used surprisingly sophisticated architecture and design methods to build their shelters, new research has found.
Dwellings were constructed in various styles, depending on the climate. Most common were dome-like structures made of cane reeds with roofs thatched with palm leaves.
Some of the houses were interconnected, allowing native people to interact during long periods spent indoors during the wet season.
The findings, by the anthropologist and architect Dr Paul Memmot, of the University of Queensland, discredits a commonly held view in Australia that Aborigines were completely nomadic before the arrival of Europeans 200 years ago.
The belief was part of the argument used by white settlers to claim that Australia was terra nullius - the Latin term for land that belonged to nobody.
* "Hueyatlaco: 250,000 Year Old Settlement In Mexico Found Under Volcanic Ash" (2012-10-05, beforeitsnews.com) [archive.is/QRl0Y]. Not so much evidence for an ancient city, but insight into the deficiencies of "scientific dating" methods... or, perhaps, this really is a 250,000 year-old city.
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* Possible ancient drill hole in andesite stone [archive.is/zMhIw]
* Brien Foerster writes [archive.is/vBDFK]: One of my favourite stones at Puma Punku in Bolivia yesterday. The groove clearly seems machined, and the drill holes are evenly spaced and could only have been achieved with a POWER DRILL
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* Cave di Cusa "Quarry of Accusation" [archive.is/saVzj]. The question is, "How did the 'Ancient Greeks' cut out these massive stone columns straight out of the rock?"
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* "Metal From City Of Atlantis Found Off Sicilian Coast" (2015-01-07, inquisitr.com) [archive.is/OGIOz]: The metal was recovered from a ship that sunk more than 2,600 years ago. The metal, orichalucum, was believed by the Ancient Greeks to have been found in only one place: the lost city of Atlantis.
Experts believe that the ingots from Atlantis were arriving to Gela in southern Sicily – possibly being delivered from Greece or Asia Minor. The ship carrying the metal was most likely caught in a storm and sunk just as it was about to enter a Sicilian port.
Sicily’s superintendent of the Sea Office, Sebastiano Tusa, spoke about the shipwreck and the discovery.
“The wreck dates to the first half of the sixth century.It was found about 1,000 feet from Gela’s coast at a depth of 10 feet. Nothing similar has ever been found. We knew orichalcum from ancient texts and a few ornamental objects.”
Orichalcum, the metal of Atlantis, has an ancient and mysterious history. For centuries, experts have hotly debated the metal’s composition and origin. According to the ancien Greeks, orichalcum was invented by Cadmus, a Greek-Phoenician mythological character. The Greek philosopher Plato mentioned orichalcum as a legendary metal when he mentioned it in the Critias dialogue. Plato described the city of Atlantis as flashing “with the red light of orichalcum.” Plato said that the metal, second only in value to gold, was mined on Atlantis used to cover all the surfaces in Poseidon’s temple.
Most experts agree today that orichalcum is a brass-like allow which was actually made by cementation. This is a process whereby zinc ore, charcoal and copper metal are combined in a crucible. When analyzed with X-ray fluorescence, the 39 ingots of Atlantis metal turned out to be an allow made with 75-80 percent copper, 14-20 percent zinc and smaller percentages of nickel, lead and iron.
Tusa commented on the importance of the discovery.
“The finding confirms that about a century after its foundation in 689 B.C., Gela grew to become a wealthy city with artisan workshops specialized in the production of prized artifacts.”
Mentioned briefly in only two of Plato’s works, Critias and Timaeus, readers have latched onto the legend of the island of Atlantis with unending fascination. Reportedly consisting of an advanced society – a utopia of sorts – that ultimately displeased the Greek gods and was sunk to the bottom of the ocean as a result. Since Atlantis was first mentioned in ancient Greece, man has attempted to determine its location, searching everywhere from the Mediterranean Sea to the polar ice caps to the South Pacific.
As of yet, however, Atlantis has remained hidden, if it ever existed at all. Is the orichalcum discovered near Sicily evidence of Atlantis? And if not, why was the metal so rarely used in the ancient world if it was so beautiful? Perhaps one day we’ll know the answers.
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* "Does New Theory Pinpoint Lost City of Atlantis? An author’s obsessive quest leads to a site off the coast of Morocco" (2015-03-18, news.nationalgeographic.com) [archive.is/8Mxgx]
* "Ruins of Atlantis located on land in Morocco, experts claims" (2015-03-16, inquisitr.com) [archive.is/LewSz]
* "Did Atlantis really exist on the Moroccan coast?" (2015-03-15, nypost.com) [archive.is/oqgJJ]
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* "A submerged monolith in the Sicilian Channel (central Mediterranean Sea): Evidence for Mesolithic human activity" (2015-09, Journal of Archaeological Science) [archive.is/A6qsN]
* "Underwater 'Stonehenge' Monolith Found Off Coast of Sicily" (2015-08-06, news.discovery.com) [http://is.gd/TKvgGO]
* "New evidence of Atlantis? 'Underwater Stonehenge' found from 10,000-year-old society, scientists say" (2015-08-07, inquisitr.com) [archive.is/bUwiC]
* "Mysterious 10,000-Year-Old ‘Atlantis’ Monolith Is Found In Sea Off Sicily; The 10-foot monolith was definitely man-made" (2015-08-07) [archive.is/jvSrP]: A mysterious Stonehenge-style monolith has been discovered in deep sea off the coast of Sicily - offering an insight into ancient civilisations lost beneath the waves.
The monolith, found by researchers from Tel Aviv University, has three holes of similar diameter along its length.
The researchers believe it was man-made around 10,000 years ago.
‘There are no reasonable known natural processes that may produce these elements,’ wrote Zvi Ben-Avraham of Tel Aviv University.
The monolith was found in 131 feet of water at Pantelleria Vecchia Bank - an area believed to have been colonised by an ancient civilisation which was submerged 9,500 years ago.
Some interpretations of Plato’s stories of ‘Atlantis’ identify the legendary ‘lost’ island with Sicily.
The researchers write, ‘The Sicilian Channel is one of the shallow shelves of the central Mediterranean region where the consequences of changing sea-level were most dramatic and intense.
‘This discovery reveals the technological innovation and development achieved by the Mesolithic inhabitants in the Sicilian Channel region.
‘Such an effort undoubtedly reveals important technical skills and great engineering. It could have been some sort of a lighthouse or an anchoring system, for example.’
Photo from University of Tel Aviv:
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* "Secrets of Britain's lost Atlantis hidden under North Sea for 7,500 years to be uncovered; The secrets of Britain's own vast Atlantis lost to the North Sea thousands of years ago could soon be uncovered" (2015-09-12, express.co.uk) [archive.is/3gu8I]
* "British Atlantis: archaeologists begin exploring lost world of Doggerland; Archaeologists at the University of Bradford will be taking deep sea core samples to find the DNA of Doggerland to reconstruct the environment" (2015-09-01, telegraph.co.uk) [archive.is/j9GjG]
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* "NASA releases images of enormous 8,000-year-old patterns" (2015-10-30, rt.com) [archive.is/N2jrp]
* "Mysterious Geoglyphs in Northern Kazakhstan Get a Boost from NASA; NASA has uploaded satellite images of ancient earthworks that were discovered by a Kazakh archaeologist" (2015-10-31, sputniknews.com) [archive.is/CHv7p]
* "Turgay Trough Geoglyphs" lecture slides (2015-09-09, by Dmitriy Dey, pitt.edu) [is.gd/DaGycG], some interesting slides [is.gd/kR2cez], [is.gd/XcdNVL]
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* "New Research Led by Florida Tech Finds Amazonian Natives Had Little Impact on Land" (2015-10-28, newsroom.fit.edu) [archive.is/O0XgW]
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* "Ancient babies boost bering land bridge layover; DNA links many Native Americans to infants in Alaskan grave" (2015-10-26, unews.utah.edu) [archive.is/x97O7]
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* "Research backs human role in extinction of mammoths, other mammals" (2015-10-26, popular-archaeology.com) [archive.is/kiNBK]
* "Lost Giant Poop Disrupts Whole Planet; Study shows declines in whales, fish, seabirds and large animals damage Earth’s nutrient cycle" (2015-10-26, uvm.edu) [archive.is/otrEw]
* "Massive Herbivores Fell to 'Hypercarnivores'; How big does a mammoth's predator have to be? Pretty big" (2015-10-26, research.duke.edu) [archive.is/HQNZI]. Image caption: Juveniles of even the largest herbivores could have been felled by the Pleistocene's massive predators, especially if the carnivores worked together. (Painting courtesy of Mauricio Anton)
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* "Preshistoric plumage patterns Ornithomimus dinosaur with preserved tail feathers and skin tightens linkages between dinosaurs and birds" (2015-10-28, University of Alberta) [archive.is/Cch4g] [begin excerpt]: An undergraduate University of Alberta paleontology student has discovered an Ornithomimus dinosaur with preserved tail feathers and soft tissue. The discovery is shedding light on the convergent evolution of these dinosaurs with ostriches and emus relating to thermoregulation and is also tightening the linkages between dinosaurs and modern birds.
"We now know what the plumage looked like on the tail, and that from the mid-femur down, it had bare skin," says Aaron van der Reest. This is the first report of such preserved skin forming a web from the femoral shaft to the abdomen, never before seen in non-avian dinosaurs. [end excerpt]
* "Cat Fur and Amber Generator: An Ancient Electricity Generator" [archive.is/jwFlg]
Image: Reproduction of a fur and amber generator - ancient Greece.
There can be no doubt that ancient civilizations were aware of static electricity even if they may not have fully understood it. They also appreciated the godlike power of lightning and must have been curious to observe this effect replicated in miniature when the fur of a cat was rubbed against certain materials in a darkened room.
The effects of static electricity were first recorded by a Greek philosopher, Thales of Miletus, who lived between 624 BC and 546 BC. He is said to have experimented with amber, which the Greeks referred to as Elektron, and cat fur to create an electrical discharge as well as magnetism. From this observation a simple machine consisting of two spinning disks, one covered with leopard fur and one coated with glass or amber could be connected to gold axles and foil strips which would produce an electrical charge capable of generating sparks several inches in length.
By spinning the disks in opposite directions a static electrical charge could be transferred to the gold foil strips to create visible sparks.
* "Students revive extinct squash with 800-year-old seeds; Seeds found during an archaeological dig on First Nations land revive a long-lost varietal" (2015-10-01, mnn.com) [archive.is/5jhSm], photo caption: The seed that grew this squash were preserved for 800 years in a clay pot in Wisconsin.
* "The six women scientists who uncovered a new species of ancient human" (2015-09, amightygirl.com) [archive.is/4IaIc]
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* "Mammoth Find: Oil Workers in Siberia Find Remains of Woolly Mammoth" (2015-03-29, sputniknews.com) [archive.is/88pCv]
* "Genome Study Brings Woolly Mammoth DNA Back From the Dead" (2015-07-04, sputniknews.com) [archive.is/wGp0t]
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* "Hunter-gatherers were enjoying oatmeal 30,000 years ago" (2015-09-17, UPI Newswire) [archive.is/r63ol]
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* "Unlocking secrets of how fossils form" (2015-09-16, acs.org) [archive.is/xC5wa]
* "Pigments, organelles persist in fossil feathers; An international team of researchers has found direct chemical evidence that the fossilized remains of a bird-like dinosaur still harbor melanosomes and the pigment they produced. Their study reinforces the idea that scientists can discern the coloration of long-lost animals" (2015-08-27, news.brown.edu) [archive.is/vIoVz]
* "World's oldest computer is more ancient than first thought: Antikythera Mechanism was created in 205 BC, study claims" (2014-11-28, dailymail.co.uk) [archive.is/KukR1]
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Unfortunately, the article is satire, but the disclaimer is not easily found, so people are sharing the article as though it were real. But, searching for the Professor "at Tel Aviv University" comes up with nothing except for the article. You must verify the basic facts before sharing, even if the article seems believable. And, yes, Jesus was of dark-skin in lands adjacent to Africa.
* " 'Jesus was Black' reveals newly found manuscript" (2015-08-20, worldnewsdailyreport.com) [archive.is/G6e9c], read the disclaimer [archive.is/2izhg#selection-689.0-689.339]
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The "blue" race of the Gods of ancient India [archive.is/chTYJ]
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Nsibidi (5000 B.C. – present)
Nsibidi is an ancient script used to write various languages in West Central Africa. Most notably used by the Uguakima and Ejagham (Ekoi) people of Nigeria and Cameroon, nsibidi is also used by the nearby Ebe, Efik, Ibibio, Igbo and Uyanga people.
The nsibidi set of symbols is independent of Roman, Latin or Arabic influence, and is believed by some scholars to date back to 5000 B.C., but the oldest archaeological evidence ever found (monoliths in Ikom, Nigeria) dates it to 2000 B.C.
Similar to the Kemetic medu neter, nsibidi is a system of standardized pictographs. In fact, both nsibidi and the Egyptian hieroglyphs share several of the exact characters.
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* photo : Central Chinese loess plateau, near Jingchuan, Gansu
* photo [archive.is/T8tvE]: The Loess Plateau in northwest China is home to cave dwellings dug into the mountains. The house shown was hewn from the craggy cliffs overlooking Zhangshanying Town not far from Beijing. The caves are laid out in rows one atop the other, either tunneled into the face of a cliff or scooped into a cross-section of the Loess Plateau. A cave dwelling is typically six meters deep and four meters wide. Stone slabs are piled up to form a semicircle at the entrance, which is often decorated with latticed windows. The temperature inside is usually 13 degrees Celsius higher than outside in winter and 10 degrees Celsius lower in summer.
CONHEÇA TIANSHUI, CHINA, photos [archive.is/ORDvZ] [archive.is/bmYTg] [archive.is/KogoR]
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* "Clues from Ancient Maya Reveal Lasting Impact on Environment" (2015-09-03, utexas.edu) [archive.is/1xCP0]
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* "Discovery of secret underground tunnels in Mexico confirms popular urban legend" (2015-09-10, rt.com) [archive.is/idJ76]
* photo [archive.is/AgDNl]: On the flank of Mount Stephen, fist-long trilobite fossils are part of the Burgess Shale, a more than half-billion-year-old formation rich in preserved Cambrian sea life.
* "Study: South Africans used milk-based paint 49,000 years ago" (2015-07-01, UPI Newswire) [archive.is/MLHPI]
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* "TAU Among International Researchers to Discover First Evidence of Farming in Mideast" (2015-07-22, aftau.org) [archive.is/Wez3z]
* "Researchers Identify Plant Cultivation in a 23,000-year-old site in the Galilee, 11,000 Years before Earliest-Known Agriculture" (2015-07-29, biu.ac.il) [archive.is/Tv2qn]
The megalithic mysteries of India [archive.is/kev83]. The following photograph is from the link here [archive.is/PpD9k], and shows the entrance of the VADATHIKA ROCK-CUT CAVES in the Nagarjuna Hills. Bihar.
* "Hidden Secrets of Ancient Egyptian Technology" (2015-05-22, metmuseum.org) [archive.is/HiL5a]
* "Dry Weather Reveals Amazing River With Thousands of Shiva Lingas" (2015-08-09, zonnews.com) [archive.is/rEemx] [begin excerpt]: Recently, due to dry weather, the water level of the Shalmala river in Karnataka receded, revealing the presence of thousands of Shiva Lingas carved throughout the river bed. Because of these uncountable carvings, the place gets the name “Sahasralinga” (thousand Shiva Lingas). [end except]. View photos: 1 [archive.is/UTnFH], 2 [archive.is/SN3Ej], 3 [archive.is/PF4Ce], 4 [archive.is/a8KYO], 5 [archive.is/KsLyL], 6 [archive.is/iJ671], 7 [archive.is/gEM6D], 8 [archive.is/B7ttd], 9 [archive.is/brt3a], 10 [archive.is/NvNJp], 11 [archive.is/XctT0], 12 [archive.is/wwutX], 13 [archive.is/GdaEy], 14 [archive.is/fxbev], 15 [archive.is/QviXR], 16 [archive.is/BBjJN], 17 [archive.is/W3Z6n], 18 [archive.is/vllFD], 19 [archive.is/ykQT5], 20 [archive.is/U8VlI], 21 [archive.is/Xefm6]
* "Secrets of the stones" (2003-03-13, smh.com.au) [archive.is/F7lbF] [begin excerpt]:Image: A cross-section of a Gunditjmara dwelling made with rocks, peat sods and reeds.
For nearly 8000 years, the Gunditjmara people of western Victoria farmed eels. They modified more than 100 square kilometres of the landscape, constructing artificial ponds across the grassy wetlands and digging channels to interconnect them. They exported their produce and became an important part of the local economy. And then white settlers arrived and all they left of the Gunditjmara's thriving industry were several hundred piles of stones that had formed the foundations to the people's huts.
Since the 1970s, archaeologists have suspected that the stone remains in the Lake Condah region were evidence that the local Aborigines had lived in villages. But it was not until an eight-year research project was carried out by a Flinders University archaeologist, Heather Builth, that the real importance of the remains became clear.
The area was naturally a wetland, but Builth discovered that the Gunditjmara had modified it with weirs, channels and dams to make the landscape eel-friendly. But her research revealed something even more remarkable. The output from these eel farms would have been enormous - she estimates it could have fed up to 10,000 people. Her hunch was that this was more like an ancient fishing industry than a subsistence farm, and she set out to prove it.
She had noticed the landscape was scattered with burnt, hollowed-out trees, often right next to the eel traps. Could the structures have been ancient smokehouses? Builth took soil samples from the base of four trees. When the results came back it was her eureka moment: the samples did contain traces of eel fat. Suddenly the whole picture changed. "The Gunditjmara weren't just catching eels," she says. "Their whole society was based around eels." [end excerpt]
* "Scientist debunks nomadic Aborigine 'myth' " (2007-10-09, theguardian.com) [archive.is/0jfRA] [begin excerpt]
Photo: A picture in Dr Memmot's book shows an Aboriginal man sitting in the doorway of a dome-shaped building.Before white settlers arrived, Australia's indigenous peoples lived in houses and villages, and used surprisingly sophisticated architecture and design methods to build their shelters, new research has found.
Dwellings were constructed in various styles, depending on the climate. Most common were dome-like structures made of cane reeds with roofs thatched with palm leaves.
Some of the houses were interconnected, allowing native people to interact during long periods spent indoors during the wet season.
The findings, by the anthropologist and architect Dr Paul Memmot, of the University of Queensland, discredits a commonly held view in Australia that Aborigines were completely nomadic before the arrival of Europeans 200 years ago.
The belief was part of the argument used by white settlers to claim that Australia was terra nullius - the Latin term for land that belonged to nobody.
* "A Cataclysmic Event of a Certain Age; Geologist James Kennett and an international team narrow the date of an anomalous cooling event most likely triggered by a cosmic impact" (2015-07-27 ,news.ucsb.edu) [archive.is/F4cOm]
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* "Michael Jackson fans are flocking to a Chicago museum to see a 3,000 year old Egyptian model which looks remarkably like the late king of pop" (2009-08-09, telegraph.co.uk) [archive.is/JCgRo]. Yes, that is a crown of hearts...
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* "The Tragedy of Slack Farm" (by Brian Fagan) part 1 [archive.is/iSz4d], part 2 [archive.is/c68Xu], part 3 [archive.is/ZfOJ7]
* "The Burrows cave: African gold in Illinois" (2006, philipcoppens.com) [archive.is/Bxy8g]: The story of the Burrows Cave is more about human behaviour than archaeology. It is the story of an alleged cave containing the tomb of an African king who reached North America in the 1st century AD – and the subsequent controversy that the artefacts created.
Burrow's Cave article by Richard Flavin:
* "Falling Into Burrows' Cave" [archive.is/KSLcD]
* "2009 Burrows Cave Hoax Update" [archive.is/IBcSR]
* "2013 Burrows Cave Hoax Update" part 1 "2012 + 1" [archive.is/Dfda1]; part 2 "I'm not saying it's aliens, but they're saying ...it's aliens" [archive.is/9tqBi]
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* "Studies find genetic signature of native Australians in the Americas Doesn't change the big picture, but it's not clear how it got here" (2015-07-21, arstechnica.com) [archive.is/G9f8v]
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Don't believe the myth that Africa did not have a written history. Roughly 1 million manuscripts were found in Timbuktu, the capital city of the ancient Empire of Mali, covering all the fields of human knowledge: law, the sciences, medicine, etc.
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* "God as Architect" illumination on parchment (c.1225) [archive.is/VOORB]. Monks would, at times, enter into a psychedelic state of mind, either through a substance (like ergot in beer, which is similar to LSD), or through intense prayer (meditation). The interesting thing about the illumination is that it may show a true representation of the universe itself, showing it as a beige fractal emitting turquoise light, which is, apparently, the color which the universe may look like when viewed "from above" [archive.is/5NbsZ]!
* "Fractal Universe" website [www.fractaluniverse.org] about the theory that the universe may be a fractal equation.
* Fractal image showing the result of the Mandelbrot set of equations [archive.is/owBmQ]
* "Fractal Heart" image [archive.is/CnVAd]:
From the Library of Joan Hope [archive.is/NsmOi]:
* "The Secret City" (1987) [archive.is/jFZok]
* "A Castle in Nova Scotia" (1997) [archive.is/x8LKp]
* "The Continuing New Ross Saga, 1990 - 2007" page 1 [archive.is/XSDnn], page 2 [archive.is/J1i90], page 3 [archive.is/7zjxY]
* "The History of the Banana: Ancient Origins to the 1800s" (cwh.ucsc.edu) [archive.is/JcY1W] [begin excerpt]: From New Guinea and the Philippines, bananas dispersed far and wide across the tropics, in all directions. It is probable that bananas arrived in India, Indonesia, Australia, and Malaysia, within the first two millennia after domestication. Plantains may have been grown in eastern Africa as early as 3000 BCE, and in Madagascar by 1000 BCE. The plantain had certainly reached the African continent between 500 BCE and 500 CE. Buddhist literature notes the existence of the banana in 600 BCE, and when Alexander the Great’s expeditions led him to India in 327 BCE, he stumbled across the fruit. Perhaps most surprising, the banana may have arrived in South America well ahead of Europeans, as early as 200 BCE, carried by sailors of Southeast Asian origin. By the 3rd century CE, plantains were being cultivated on plantations in China. [end excerpt]
* "Cave Fossil Find: New Human Species or "Nothing Extraordinary"?" (2012-03-14, nationalgeographic.com) [archive.is/Gjll]
* "New Type of Ancient Human Found—Descendants Live Today?" (2010-12-22, nationalgeographic.com) [archive.is/UVzz]
* "Human Remains from the Pleistocene-Holocene Transition of Southwest China Suggest a Complex Evolutionary History for East Asians" [archive.is/jjRGV]
* "Part Ape, Part Human: A new ancestor emerges from the richest collection of fossil skeletons ever found" (2011-08, nationalgeographic.com) [archive.is/raqL]
* "A Deep Dive Into the Skeleton of the Oldest-Known Modern Bird" (2015-07, smithsonianmag.com) [archive.is/GZbdW]
* Photo: Geoglyph mandala in Palpa region of Peru [https://archive.is/FGLFw], the only composite geometrical arrangement amongst the geoglyphs of the northern Andes mountains.
* "Puma Punku: Obvious Evidence Of Advanced Ancient Machining" [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kkhnTP5Fs4o]
Brien Foerster writes (2015-07-01): Today at Puma Punku in Bolivia. This stone shows obvious signs of ancient high tech machining..
* photo (2015-07-01, Brien Foester) [archive.is/8rhFb]: Possible sculpture seen at Tiwanaku in Bolivia today of an elongated headed person. This artifact is new to me...
* photo (2015-07-01, Brien Foester) [archive.is/9bdBw]: Examining a very elongated baby skull in a small museum near Lake Titicaca yesterday. Would be a great candidate for DNA testing in the future...
* "Oldest Human DNA Reveals Mysterious Branch of Humanity" (2013-12-04, livescience.com) [archive.is/vV6EO]
* "An early European had a close Neandertal ancestor" (2015-06-22, mpg.de) [archive.is/CmOOV]
Quanta Magazine shows how an influx of new dinosaur fossils from China in the 1990s led to a complete overhaul of the way scientists thought of both dinosaurs and birds. Now it is widely accepted that birds are linked to dinosaurs on the evolutionary tree, but Emily Singer explains why the biological imperative to “get smaller” drove the rise of birds from the massive beasts that once dominated the planet.
* "How Dinosaurs Shrank and Became Birds" (2015-06-02, quantamagazine.org) [archive.is/RSHPp]
* photo [archive.is/NEhtd]: This is a Ancient Egyptian Mummy unwrapped. Notice the skin color, notice the hair. These people were not Europeans or Arabs they were AFRICAN. Some refused to accurately display movies that have Egyptians with Dark skin tones. The natural hair of this 4000 year old mummy proves what history has been saying all along the Egyptians were African.
* photoshopped recreation of the coastline along the Nile River and Giza Plateau around the age of the Great Pyramid builders.
* Ancient megalithic civilization in Alkebulan: "Decoding the Hidden Ruins of Southern Africa" [archive.is/ikx8I]
* "Among the gold mines of the inland plains between the Limpopo and Zambezi rivers [there is a]...fortress built of stones of marvelous size, and there appears to be no mortar joining them.... This edifice is almost surrounded by hills, upon which are others resembling it in the fashioning of stone and the absence of mortar, and one of them is a tower more than 12 fathoms high. The natives of the country call these edifices Symbaoe, which according to their language signifies court." --Viçente Pegado, Captain, Portuguese Garrison of Sofala, 1531
* Against His-Story, Against Leviathan! Chapter 24 (Detroit, March 1983) [archive.is/XQm50]:
The last communities do a ghost dance, and the ghosts of the last communities will continue to dance within the entrails of the artificial beast. The council-fires of the never-defeated communities are not extinguished by the genocidal invaders, just as the light of Ahura Mazda was not extinguished by rulers who claimed it shone on them. The fire is eclipsed by something dark, but it continues to burn, and its flames shoot out where they are least expected.
Just as Ahura Mazda’s flame was carried to Albi in southern France by Bogomils and their western successors, the flames kept alive by this continent’s communities are carried to the darkest corners of Europe and America.
A Montaigne experiences a revelation when he sees that the people Europeans call Savages possess realms Europeans have lost. A Rousseau experiences a vision when he pushes obfuscating facts aside and sees that the process called Civilization has not been the boon his Enlightened contemporaries claim it to be but rather the bane that explains the Europeans’ loss. Blake, Melville and Thoreau sing these revelations to their school-stunted contemporaries, and despite an increasingly total schooling apparatus and an ever more ubiquitous press, the grandchildren of irredeemably Leviathanized zeks begin to stir with rhythms that come from outside their synthetic environment.
The fire that was to burn down the last beast of the Apocalypse, a fire kept alive by Free Spirits, Adamites, Ranters and rebelling zeks and serfs, is forgotten but not extinguished. Its flames are relit with kindling that comes from council fires of Cheyenne, Dakota, Potawatomi communities.
But the Leviathanic inversion of this fire by the next Church is already announced.
No less a personage than the Enlightened scientific economist Marx lodges Morgan’s version of an Iroquois community in the basement of his revolutionary edifice. The sharing ways of the Iroquois, dubbed Primitive Communism, linger in the basement of this edifice while laboring humanity passes upward, through slavery, serfdom and wage labor, to Fully Developed Communism.
The four beasts of Daniel as well as the three ages of Joachim di Fiore are processed for their upward passage by Humanity’s Productive Forces. Each stage is a Mode of Production. The context is a labor camp, and the revolutionary subjects are His-story’s objects, namely zeks, called Proletarians.
The Eschaton of this Apocalypse is still a labor camp animated by concentrated zeks, but it can be distinguished from all previous camps by the portentous fact that the Archons of the post-revolutionary polity are all members of the Paradisial Party. The eschatological police bully, incarcerate and kill by the grace of Ahura Mazda, just like ancient Cyrus. The repressors wear the free and sharing ways of the Iroquois as badges and armbands.
A farcical replay of the Roman Church’s expropriation and inversion of the anti-Roman crisis cult, the Revolutionary Church nevertheless succeeds in channeling numerous potential rebels into neo-Franciscan Orders, Leviathanic dead ends which, like the earlier Orders, become the vanguard of the repression. It becomes the main project of the stunted rebels to succeed where Businessmen failed, to destroy what human communities still remain, to eradicate the last traces of what Marx called Primitive Communism, so as to send all humanity scurrying up the escalator, past His-story’s concentration camps, the one ruled by the General Secretary of the Paradisial Party, a ruler who calls himself The Proletariat.
Revolutionary archons compete with Enlightenment archons in rending the Biosphere, turning the world into a place where free human beings can neither stand nor lie nor sit.
The last relics of the world’s communities are safely lodged in trophy cases which, their guards insist, contain all there is to know about communities.
The beast now turns on the zeks in its entrails, for they too, however stunted they may be, still posses what Quakers call an “inner light,” and any such light is anathema to Leviathan, whose element is the dark, the synthetic. Having eliminated the communities of outsiders, the Technological Wonder proceeds to generate outsiders inside its own entrails, to expunge human zeks and replace them with machines, with things made of its own substance.
This bizarre last act surprises only those who still take Leviathan at its word and think it rational. Its rationality is as artificial as its love of nature and its devotion to humanity. The beast that so cruelly and bloodily swallowed humanity so as to turn people into appendages of tools now shoves the appendages aside and generates pockets of human beings superfluous to its further progress.
The new outsiders are not radicals. They are people who happened to animate springs and gears which can now be automated, namely artificialized. The outsider may be scions od the most royalist zeks or managers, like the French Canadians who actually found kinship and community although they, unlike many of their contemporaries, didn’t know they wanted these gifts.
The displaced zeks languish, and it is not yet known if the Quakers are right, if the new outsiders do indeed still have an “inner light,” namely an ability to reconstitute lost rhythms, to recover music, to regenerate human cultures.
It is also not known if the technological detritus that crowds and poisons the world leaves human beings any room to dance.
What is known is that Leviathan, the great artifice, single and world-embracing for the first time in His-story, is decomposing.
From the day when battery-run voices began broadcasting old speeches to battery-run listeners, the beast has been talking to itself. Having swallowed everyone and everything outside itself, the beast becomes its own sole frame of reference. It entertains itself, exploits itself and wars on itself. It has reached the end of its Progress, for there is nothing left for it to progress against except itself. Being above all else a war engine, the beast is most likely to perish once and for all in a cataclysmic suicidal war, in which cas Ahriman would permanently extinguish the light of Ahura Mazda.
People waste their lives when they plead with Ahriman to desist from extinguishing the light, for such a deed would be Ahriman’s final triumph over Ahura Mazda, and the pleaders might learn too late that they are the ones who put the idea into the monster’s head.
Leviathan is turning into Narcissus, admiring its own synthetic image in its own synthetic pond, enraptured by its spectacle of itself.
It is a good time for people to let go of its sanity, its masks and armors, and go mad, for they are already being ejected from its pretty polis.
In ancient Anatolia people danced on the earth-covered ruins of the Hittite Leviathan and built their lodges with stones which contained the records of the vanished empire’s great deeds.
The cycle has come round again. America is where Anatolia was. It is a place where human beings, just to stay alive, have to jump, to dance, and by dancing revive the rhythms, recover cyclical time. An-archic and pantheistic dancers no longer sense the artifice and its His-story as All but as merely one cycle, one long night, a stormy night that left Earth wounded, but a night that ends, as all nights end, when the sun rises.
(Photo 1947, Kung San Storyteller, eastern Central Africa)
* "An Underground City of Giants discovered in the Grand Canyon" (locklip.com) page 1 [archive.is/paG7s], page 2 [archive.is/fMJ1d] [begin excerpt]: According to an article published in The Arizona Gazette on April 5, 1909, the Grand Canyon was once home to civilization that most likely consisted of individuals of cyclopean proportions. If such a civilization ever lived, surely it would have left behind some structure as a testament of its existence. The article mentions the discovery of an enormous underground citadel by an explorer named G.E. Kinkaid, who stumbled upon it while rafting on the Colorado River. It is worth mentioning that Kinkaid was an established archaeologist and had financial backing from the Smithsonian Institute. The entrance to the city was at the end of a tunnel that stretched for almost a mile underground. The architecture suggested the builders of the underground city possessed advanced engineering skills. The central hub of the subterranean city was a mammoth chamber out of which passageways radiated like spokes on a wheel. The walls of the main chamber were adorned with copper weapons and tablets covered in hieroglyphic symbols, not dissimilar to those found in Egypt. Another finding that pointed to an Egyptian link were the mummified bodies, by far the most intriguing things inside the citadel. No mummy measured less than 9 feet and all of them were wrapped in dark linen. Kinkaid wrote he had stood one of them up and photographed it by flashlight, but that photo is nowhere to be found.There are some who believe the story of the subterranean city of giants is true and that a tight lid has been carefully placed on top of the affair. Conspiracy theorist John Rhodes once said he knew the exact location of the entrance to the city but that it was guarded 24/7 by soldiers carrying M-16 rifles. Another idea floating around the internet said that the underground city now serves as a museum for the shadowy ruling class. Needless to say, the Smithsonian Institute denied knowledge of the existence of such an enigmatic subterranean city, but their disclosure fails to convince everyone. The abundance of conspiracy theories built around the idea that the Smithsonian actively hides or destroys evidence in order to maintain the standard historical viewpoint does little to help the issue. Due to an acute absence of evidence, it seems that for the moment, the story of an underground city of giants is just that – a story. [end excerpt]
* "Poorly preserved fossil features evidence of dino blood" (2015-06-09, UPI Newswire) [archive.is/X31ot] [begin excerpt]: Researchers at Imperial College London believe they've identified red blood cells and collagen fibers in a poorly preserved dinosaur bone.
It's not the first time researchers have located dino blood, but if the latest discovery is confirmed, it may suggests preserved soft tissue is more abundant than previously thought.
"Although remnants of soft tissues have previously been discovered in rare, exceptionally preserved fossils," lead researcher Susannah Maidment explained in a press release, "what is particularly exciting about our study is that we have discovered structures reminiscent of blood cells and collagen fibres in scrappy, poorly preserved fossils." [end excerpt]
* "Out of Africa via Egypt" (2015-06-01, sanger.ac.uk) [archive.is/7RpTB]
* "Archaeologists find evidence of prehistoric gold trade" (2015-06-05, AFP Newswire) [archive.is/5DB4A] [begin excerpt]: An ancient route between Britain and Ireland supported a gold trade as far back as the early Bronze Age. Archaeologists in England say the trading of gold among the people of the British Isles dates back to 2,500 B.C.
The revelation is largely thanks to a new identification technique, which uses chemical signatures to trace the origins of gold artifacts. The measuring technique suggests some of Ireland's oldest gold artifacts are forged from foreign gold -- ores sourced from Cornwall, England.
"This is an unexpected and particularly interesting result as it suggests that Bronze Age gold workers in Ireland were making artefacts out of material sourced from outside of the country, despite the existence of a number of easily-accessible and rich gold deposits found locally," Chris Standish, an archaeologist at the University of Southampton and lead author of a study on the early gold trade, explained in a press release. [end excerpt]
Twin mounds outside Marinka (Donetsk region of Novorossiya, 2015-06-06)
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* "The Lotus Fire: A Study in Symbolic Yoga" (1939, by George S. Arundale, Theosophical Publishing House, India) [archive.org/details/lotusfire032178mbp]
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"The African Origin of Christianity" lecture by Dr. Yosef Ben Jochannan
Also see by the same researcher, "Ancient Egyptian Freemasonry" [youtube.com/watch?v=aGLZXnSdGzQ]
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* "Study Reveals How Eastern U.S. Forests Came to Be; Half of eastern North American trees evolved from Asian ancestors" (2015-05-20, today.duke.edu) [archive.is/uq1x5]
* "Newly Discovered Archaeological Sites In India Reveal Ancient Life" (2015-02-23, archaeologyonline.net) [archive.is/GL6sF]
* "IS THERE AN OLDER CITY BELOW CUSCO PERU? RECENT EXCAVATIONS" (2014-10-18, hiddenhumanhistory.com) [https://archive.today/pY5QK]
[https://www.facebook.com/ArqueologiaDePeru]
[https://www.facebook.com/ArqueologiaDelPeru]
[http://www.arqueologiadelperu.com/]
Peruvian Hairless Dogs at the Huaca Puciliana archaeological site in Lima, Peru.
* "Quicksilver trail: Liquid mercury could lead to king’s tomb in mysterious pre-Aztec city" (2015-04-25, rt.com) [https://archive.is/Ew6lO]
Subhashis Das writes: "Once inside the Sudama Rock Cut cave of the Barabar Hills we were startled to find this amazing structure of an ancient Indian hut in stone. The polish and the craftsmanship is top class. Inside this "house" it is pitch dark and we found the the acoustics to be stunning. The Buddhist and the Ajivika monks chanted "Om Maney Padma Hum" inside. We did the same and were just amazed to find the echo lasting so long. The hemispherical ceiling of the room was perfectly and scientifically crafted to create the magic..." (photo: MegalithIndia.in)
* "The 400 million year old hammer" (2015-04-09, beforeitsnews.com) [https://archive.is/2NfWM]: According to studies of the Metallurgical Institute of Columbia the inside handle underwent the process of carbonization, the head of the hammer was built with an iron purity only achievable with modern-day technology. According to analysis, the head of the hammer consists of 97 pure iron, 2 percent chlorine and 1 percent sulfur. Surprisingly researchers also found that the iron had undergone a process of purification and hardening, typical of metallurgy of the twentieth century.
* The Aiud Object debunked [https://archive.is/A5l5o] [https://archive.is/mbmRk], or, did Ancient Aliens wear hardhats? Investigators of the artifact repeat the claim that experts dated the millimeter layer of oxidation and dirt and found that it was 400 years old, which, considering that the artifact is modern, may lend credence to the idea that archaeological dating methods are flawed...
* " ‘Temple of Poseidon’ found in Bulgaria’s Sozopol" (2012-12-16, sofiaglobe.com) [https://archive.is/1IxoM]
* "Bat-winged dinosaur discovery poses flight puzzle" (2015-04-24, nature.com) [https://archive.is/UbvWD]
* "Fossil of tiny, winged dinosaur, found in China, puzzles experts" (2015-05-01, sfgate.com) [https://archive.is/yIPz3]
* "Some genes 'foreign' in origin and not from our ancestors" (2015-0-12) [https://archive.today/toKyR]
* "World's languages traced back to single African mother tongue: New Zealand researchers have traced every human language — from English to Mandarin — back to an ancestral language spoken in Africa 50,000 to 70,000 years ago" (2011-04-15, globalpost.com) [https://archive.today/nneJu]
* "Evidence of One of the Oldest Human Occupations in Western United States Discovered on BLM Land in Southeast Oregon" [archive.today/P1FBR]
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* "Michael Jackson fans are flocking to a Chicago museum to see a 3,000 year old Egyptian model which looks remarkably like the late king of pop" (2009-08-09, telegraph.co.uk) [archive.is/JCgRo]. Yes, that is a crown of hearts...
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* "The Tragedy of Slack Farm" (by Brian Fagan) part 1 [archive.is/iSz4d], part 2 [archive.is/c68Xu], part 3 [archive.is/ZfOJ7]
* "The Burrows cave: African gold in Illinois" (2006, philipcoppens.com) [archive.is/Bxy8g]: The story of the Burrows Cave is more about human behaviour than archaeology. It is the story of an alleged cave containing the tomb of an African king who reached North America in the 1st century AD – and the subsequent controversy that the artefacts created.
Burrow's Cave article by Richard Flavin:
* "Falling Into Burrows' Cave" [archive.is/KSLcD]
* "2009 Burrows Cave Hoax Update" [archive.is/IBcSR]
* "2013 Burrows Cave Hoax Update" part 1 "2012 + 1" [archive.is/Dfda1]; part 2 "I'm not saying it's aliens, but they're saying ...it's aliens" [archive.is/9tqBi]
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* "Studies find genetic signature of native Australians in the Americas Doesn't change the big picture, but it's not clear how it got here" (2015-07-21, arstechnica.com) [archive.is/G9f8v]
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Don't believe the myth that Africa did not have a written history. Roughly 1 million manuscripts were found in Timbuktu, the capital city of the ancient Empire of Mali, covering all the fields of human knowledge: law, the sciences, medicine, etc.
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* "God as Architect" illumination on parchment (c.1225) [archive.is/VOORB]. Monks would, at times, enter into a psychedelic state of mind, either through a substance (like ergot in beer, which is similar to LSD), or through intense prayer (meditation). The interesting thing about the illumination is that it may show a true representation of the universe itself, showing it as a beige fractal emitting turquoise light, which is, apparently, the color which the universe may look like when viewed "from above" [archive.is/5NbsZ]!
* "Fractal Universe" website [www.fractaluniverse.org] about the theory that the universe may be a fractal equation.
* Fractal image showing the result of the Mandelbrot set of equations [archive.is/owBmQ]
* "Fractal Heart" image [archive.is/CnVAd]:
From the Library of Joan Hope [archive.is/NsmOi]:
* "The Secret City" (1987) [archive.is/jFZok]
* "A Castle in Nova Scotia" (1997) [archive.is/x8LKp]
* "The Continuing New Ross Saga, 1990 - 2007" page 1 [archive.is/XSDnn], page 2 [archive.is/J1i90], page 3 [archive.is/7zjxY]
* "The History of the Banana: Ancient Origins to the 1800s" (cwh.ucsc.edu) [archive.is/JcY1W] [begin excerpt]: From New Guinea and the Philippines, bananas dispersed far and wide across the tropics, in all directions. It is probable that bananas arrived in India, Indonesia, Australia, and Malaysia, within the first two millennia after domestication. Plantains may have been grown in eastern Africa as early as 3000 BCE, and in Madagascar by 1000 BCE. The plantain had certainly reached the African continent between 500 BCE and 500 CE. Buddhist literature notes the existence of the banana in 600 BCE, and when Alexander the Great’s expeditions led him to India in 327 BCE, he stumbled across the fruit. Perhaps most surprising, the banana may have arrived in South America well ahead of Europeans, as early as 200 BCE, carried by sailors of Southeast Asian origin. By the 3rd century CE, plantains were being cultivated on plantations in China. [end excerpt]
* "Cave Fossil Find: New Human Species or "Nothing Extraordinary"?" (2012-03-14, nationalgeographic.com) [archive.is/Gjll]
* "New Type of Ancient Human Found—Descendants Live Today?" (2010-12-22, nationalgeographic.com) [archive.is/UVzz]
* "Human Remains from the Pleistocene-Holocene Transition of Southwest China Suggest a Complex Evolutionary History for East Asians" [archive.is/jjRGV]
* "Part Ape, Part Human: A new ancestor emerges from the richest collection of fossil skeletons ever found" (2011-08, nationalgeographic.com) [archive.is/raqL]
* "A Deep Dive Into the Skeleton of the Oldest-Known Modern Bird" (2015-07, smithsonianmag.com) [archive.is/GZbdW]
* Photo: Geoglyph mandala in Palpa region of Peru [https://archive.is/FGLFw], the only composite geometrical arrangement amongst the geoglyphs of the northern Andes mountains.
* "Puma Punku: Obvious Evidence Of Advanced Ancient Machining" [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kkhnTP5Fs4o]
Brien Foerster writes (2015-07-01): Today at Puma Punku in Bolivia. This stone shows obvious signs of ancient high tech machining..
* photo (2015-07-01, Brien Foester) [archive.is/8rhFb]: Possible sculpture seen at Tiwanaku in Bolivia today of an elongated headed person. This artifact is new to me...
* photo (2015-07-01, Brien Foester) [archive.is/9bdBw]: Examining a very elongated baby skull in a small museum near Lake Titicaca yesterday. Would be a great candidate for DNA testing in the future...
* "Oldest Human DNA Reveals Mysterious Branch of Humanity" (2013-12-04, livescience.com) [archive.is/vV6EO]
* "An early European had a close Neandertal ancestor" (2015-06-22, mpg.de) [archive.is/CmOOV]
Quanta Magazine shows how an influx of new dinosaur fossils from China in the 1990s led to a complete overhaul of the way scientists thought of both dinosaurs and birds. Now it is widely accepted that birds are linked to dinosaurs on the evolutionary tree, but Emily Singer explains why the biological imperative to “get smaller” drove the rise of birds from the massive beasts that once dominated the planet.
* "How Dinosaurs Shrank and Became Birds" (2015-06-02, quantamagazine.org) [archive.is/RSHPp]
* photo [archive.is/NEhtd]: This is a Ancient Egyptian Mummy unwrapped. Notice the skin color, notice the hair. These people were not Europeans or Arabs they were AFRICAN. Some refused to accurately display movies that have Egyptians with Dark skin tones. The natural hair of this 4000 year old mummy proves what history has been saying all along the Egyptians were African.
* photoshopped recreation of the coastline along the Nile River and Giza Plateau around the age of the Great Pyramid builders.
* Ancient megalithic civilization in Alkebulan: "Decoding the Hidden Ruins of Southern Africa" [archive.is/ikx8I]
* "Among the gold mines of the inland plains between the Limpopo and Zambezi rivers [there is a]...fortress built of stones of marvelous size, and there appears to be no mortar joining them.... This edifice is almost surrounded by hills, upon which are others resembling it in the fashioning of stone and the absence of mortar, and one of them is a tower more than 12 fathoms high. The natives of the country call these edifices Symbaoe, which according to their language signifies court." --Viçente Pegado, Captain, Portuguese Garrison of Sofala, 1531
* Against His-Story, Against Leviathan! Chapter 24 (Detroit, March 1983) [archive.is/XQm50]:
The last communities do a ghost dance, and the ghosts of the last communities will continue to dance within the entrails of the artificial beast. The council-fires of the never-defeated communities are not extinguished by the genocidal invaders, just as the light of Ahura Mazda was not extinguished by rulers who claimed it shone on them. The fire is eclipsed by something dark, but it continues to burn, and its flames shoot out where they are least expected.
Just as Ahura Mazda’s flame was carried to Albi in southern France by Bogomils and their western successors, the flames kept alive by this continent’s communities are carried to the darkest corners of Europe and America.
A Montaigne experiences a revelation when he sees that the people Europeans call Savages possess realms Europeans have lost. A Rousseau experiences a vision when he pushes obfuscating facts aside and sees that the process called Civilization has not been the boon his Enlightened contemporaries claim it to be but rather the bane that explains the Europeans’ loss. Blake, Melville and Thoreau sing these revelations to their school-stunted contemporaries, and despite an increasingly total schooling apparatus and an ever more ubiquitous press, the grandchildren of irredeemably Leviathanized zeks begin to stir with rhythms that come from outside their synthetic environment.
The fire that was to burn down the last beast of the Apocalypse, a fire kept alive by Free Spirits, Adamites, Ranters and rebelling zeks and serfs, is forgotten but not extinguished. Its flames are relit with kindling that comes from council fires of Cheyenne, Dakota, Potawatomi communities.
But the Leviathanic inversion of this fire by the next Church is already announced.
No less a personage than the Enlightened scientific economist Marx lodges Morgan’s version of an Iroquois community in the basement of his revolutionary edifice. The sharing ways of the Iroquois, dubbed Primitive Communism, linger in the basement of this edifice while laboring humanity passes upward, through slavery, serfdom and wage labor, to Fully Developed Communism.
The four beasts of Daniel as well as the three ages of Joachim di Fiore are processed for their upward passage by Humanity’s Productive Forces. Each stage is a Mode of Production. The context is a labor camp, and the revolutionary subjects are His-story’s objects, namely zeks, called Proletarians.
The Eschaton of this Apocalypse is still a labor camp animated by concentrated zeks, but it can be distinguished from all previous camps by the portentous fact that the Archons of the post-revolutionary polity are all members of the Paradisial Party. The eschatological police bully, incarcerate and kill by the grace of Ahura Mazda, just like ancient Cyrus. The repressors wear the free and sharing ways of the Iroquois as badges and armbands.
A farcical replay of the Roman Church’s expropriation and inversion of the anti-Roman crisis cult, the Revolutionary Church nevertheless succeeds in channeling numerous potential rebels into neo-Franciscan Orders, Leviathanic dead ends which, like the earlier Orders, become the vanguard of the repression. It becomes the main project of the stunted rebels to succeed where Businessmen failed, to destroy what human communities still remain, to eradicate the last traces of what Marx called Primitive Communism, so as to send all humanity scurrying up the escalator, past His-story’s concentration camps, the one ruled by the General Secretary of the Paradisial Party, a ruler who calls himself The Proletariat.
Revolutionary archons compete with Enlightenment archons in rending the Biosphere, turning the world into a place where free human beings can neither stand nor lie nor sit.
The last relics of the world’s communities are safely lodged in trophy cases which, their guards insist, contain all there is to know about communities.
The beast now turns on the zeks in its entrails, for they too, however stunted they may be, still posses what Quakers call an “inner light,” and any such light is anathema to Leviathan, whose element is the dark, the synthetic. Having eliminated the communities of outsiders, the Technological Wonder proceeds to generate outsiders inside its own entrails, to expunge human zeks and replace them with machines, with things made of its own substance.
This bizarre last act surprises only those who still take Leviathan at its word and think it rational. Its rationality is as artificial as its love of nature and its devotion to humanity. The beast that so cruelly and bloodily swallowed humanity so as to turn people into appendages of tools now shoves the appendages aside and generates pockets of human beings superfluous to its further progress.
The new outsiders are not radicals. They are people who happened to animate springs and gears which can now be automated, namely artificialized. The outsider may be scions od the most royalist zeks or managers, like the French Canadians who actually found kinship and community although they, unlike many of their contemporaries, didn’t know they wanted these gifts.
The displaced zeks languish, and it is not yet known if the Quakers are right, if the new outsiders do indeed still have an “inner light,” namely an ability to reconstitute lost rhythms, to recover music, to regenerate human cultures.
It is also not known if the technological detritus that crowds and poisons the world leaves human beings any room to dance.
What is known is that Leviathan, the great artifice, single and world-embracing for the first time in His-story, is decomposing.
From the day when battery-run voices began broadcasting old speeches to battery-run listeners, the beast has been talking to itself. Having swallowed everyone and everything outside itself, the beast becomes its own sole frame of reference. It entertains itself, exploits itself and wars on itself. It has reached the end of its Progress, for there is nothing left for it to progress against except itself. Being above all else a war engine, the beast is most likely to perish once and for all in a cataclysmic suicidal war, in which cas Ahriman would permanently extinguish the light of Ahura Mazda.
People waste their lives when they plead with Ahriman to desist from extinguishing the light, for such a deed would be Ahriman’s final triumph over Ahura Mazda, and the pleaders might learn too late that they are the ones who put the idea into the monster’s head.
Leviathan is turning into Narcissus, admiring its own synthetic image in its own synthetic pond, enraptured by its spectacle of itself.
It is a good time for people to let go of its sanity, its masks and armors, and go mad, for they are already being ejected from its pretty polis.
In ancient Anatolia people danced on the earth-covered ruins of the Hittite Leviathan and built their lodges with stones which contained the records of the vanished empire’s great deeds.
The cycle has come round again. America is where Anatolia was. It is a place where human beings, just to stay alive, have to jump, to dance, and by dancing revive the rhythms, recover cyclical time. An-archic and pantheistic dancers no longer sense the artifice and its His-story as All but as merely one cycle, one long night, a stormy night that left Earth wounded, but a night that ends, as all nights end, when the sun rises.
(Photo 1947, Kung San Storyteller, eastern Central Africa)
* "An Underground City of Giants discovered in the Grand Canyon" (locklip.com) page 1 [archive.is/paG7s], page 2 [archive.is/fMJ1d] [begin excerpt]: According to an article published in The Arizona Gazette on April 5, 1909, the Grand Canyon was once home to civilization that most likely consisted of individuals of cyclopean proportions. If such a civilization ever lived, surely it would have left behind some structure as a testament of its existence. The article mentions the discovery of an enormous underground citadel by an explorer named G.E. Kinkaid, who stumbled upon it while rafting on the Colorado River. It is worth mentioning that Kinkaid was an established archaeologist and had financial backing from the Smithsonian Institute. The entrance to the city was at the end of a tunnel that stretched for almost a mile underground. The architecture suggested the builders of the underground city possessed advanced engineering skills. The central hub of the subterranean city was a mammoth chamber out of which passageways radiated like spokes on a wheel. The walls of the main chamber were adorned with copper weapons and tablets covered in hieroglyphic symbols, not dissimilar to those found in Egypt. Another finding that pointed to an Egyptian link were the mummified bodies, by far the most intriguing things inside the citadel. No mummy measured less than 9 feet and all of them were wrapped in dark linen. Kinkaid wrote he had stood one of them up and photographed it by flashlight, but that photo is nowhere to be found.There are some who believe the story of the subterranean city of giants is true and that a tight lid has been carefully placed on top of the affair. Conspiracy theorist John Rhodes once said he knew the exact location of the entrance to the city but that it was guarded 24/7 by soldiers carrying M-16 rifles. Another idea floating around the internet said that the underground city now serves as a museum for the shadowy ruling class. Needless to say, the Smithsonian Institute denied knowledge of the existence of such an enigmatic subterranean city, but their disclosure fails to convince everyone. The abundance of conspiracy theories built around the idea that the Smithsonian actively hides or destroys evidence in order to maintain the standard historical viewpoint does little to help the issue. Due to an acute absence of evidence, it seems that for the moment, the story of an underground city of giants is just that – a story. [end excerpt]
* "Poorly preserved fossil features evidence of dino blood" (2015-06-09, UPI Newswire) [archive.is/X31ot] [begin excerpt]: Researchers at Imperial College London believe they've identified red blood cells and collagen fibers in a poorly preserved dinosaur bone.
It's not the first time researchers have located dino blood, but if the latest discovery is confirmed, it may suggests preserved soft tissue is more abundant than previously thought.
"Although remnants of soft tissues have previously been discovered in rare, exceptionally preserved fossils," lead researcher Susannah Maidment explained in a press release, "what is particularly exciting about our study is that we have discovered structures reminiscent of blood cells and collagen fibres in scrappy, poorly preserved fossils." [end excerpt]
* "Out of Africa via Egypt" (2015-06-01, sanger.ac.uk) [archive.is/7RpTB]
* "Archaeologists find evidence of prehistoric gold trade" (2015-06-05, AFP Newswire) [archive.is/5DB4A] [begin excerpt]: An ancient route between Britain and Ireland supported a gold trade as far back as the early Bronze Age. Archaeologists in England say the trading of gold among the people of the British Isles dates back to 2,500 B.C.
The revelation is largely thanks to a new identification technique, which uses chemical signatures to trace the origins of gold artifacts. The measuring technique suggests some of Ireland's oldest gold artifacts are forged from foreign gold -- ores sourced from Cornwall, England.
"This is an unexpected and particularly interesting result as it suggests that Bronze Age gold workers in Ireland were making artefacts out of material sourced from outside of the country, despite the existence of a number of easily-accessible and rich gold deposits found locally," Chris Standish, an archaeologist at the University of Southampton and lead author of a study on the early gold trade, explained in a press release. [end excerpt]
Twin mounds outside Marinka (Donetsk region of Novorossiya, 2015-06-06)
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* "The Lotus Fire: A Study in Symbolic Yoga" (1939, by George S. Arundale, Theosophical Publishing House, India) [archive.org/details/lotusfire032178mbp]
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"The African Origin of Christianity" lecture by Dr. Yosef Ben Jochannan
Also see by the same researcher, "Ancient Egyptian Freemasonry" [youtube.com/watch?v=aGLZXnSdGzQ]
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* "Study Reveals How Eastern U.S. Forests Came to Be; Half of eastern North American trees evolved from Asian ancestors" (2015-05-20, today.duke.edu) [archive.is/uq1x5]
* "Newly Discovered Archaeological Sites In India Reveal Ancient Life" (2015-02-23, archaeologyonline.net) [archive.is/GL6sF]
* "IS THERE AN OLDER CITY BELOW CUSCO PERU? RECENT EXCAVATIONS" (2014-10-18, hiddenhumanhistory.com) [https://archive.today/pY5QK]
[https://www.facebook.com/ArqueologiaDePeru]
[https://www.facebook.com/ArqueologiaDelPeru]
[http://www.arqueologiadelperu.com/]
Peruvian Hairless Dogs at the Huaca Puciliana archaeological site in Lima, Peru.
* "Quicksilver trail: Liquid mercury could lead to king’s tomb in mysterious pre-Aztec city" (2015-04-25, rt.com) [https://archive.is/Ew6lO]
Subhashis Das writes: "Once inside the Sudama Rock Cut cave of the Barabar Hills we were startled to find this amazing structure of an ancient Indian hut in stone. The polish and the craftsmanship is top class. Inside this "house" it is pitch dark and we found the the acoustics to be stunning. The Buddhist and the Ajivika monks chanted "Om Maney Padma Hum" inside. We did the same and were just amazed to find the echo lasting so long. The hemispherical ceiling of the room was perfectly and scientifically crafted to create the magic..." (photo: MegalithIndia.in)
* "The 400 million year old hammer" (2015-04-09, beforeitsnews.com) [https://archive.is/2NfWM]: According to studies of the Metallurgical Institute of Columbia the inside handle underwent the process of carbonization, the head of the hammer was built with an iron purity only achievable with modern-day technology. According to analysis, the head of the hammer consists of 97 pure iron, 2 percent chlorine and 1 percent sulfur. Surprisingly researchers also found that the iron had undergone a process of purification and hardening, typical of metallurgy of the twentieth century.
* The Aiud Object debunked [https://archive.is/A5l5o] [https://archive.is/mbmRk], or, did Ancient Aliens wear hardhats? Investigators of the artifact repeat the claim that experts dated the millimeter layer of oxidation and dirt and found that it was 400 years old, which, considering that the artifact is modern, may lend credence to the idea that archaeological dating methods are flawed...
* " ‘Temple of Poseidon’ found in Bulgaria’s Sozopol" (2012-12-16, sofiaglobe.com) [https://archive.is/1IxoM]
* "Bat-winged dinosaur discovery poses flight puzzle" (2015-04-24, nature.com) [https://archive.is/UbvWD]
* "Fossil of tiny, winged dinosaur, found in China, puzzles experts" (2015-05-01, sfgate.com) [https://archive.is/yIPz3]
* "Some genes 'foreign' in origin and not from our ancestors" (2015-0-12) [https://archive.today/toKyR]
* "World's languages traced back to single African mother tongue: New Zealand researchers have traced every human language — from English to Mandarin — back to an ancestral language spoken in Africa 50,000 to 70,000 years ago" (2011-04-15, globalpost.com) [https://archive.today/nneJu]
* "Evidence of One of the Oldest Human Occupations in Western United States Discovered on BLM Land in Southeast Oregon" [archive.today/P1FBR]
* "Exploring the Western vs. Indigenous Intersection in Costa Rican Mythology" (2015-02-16) [http://www.planetshifter.com/node/2244] [https://archive.today/TFliU], Conversation with Douglas Williamson, Earth Charter International and Willi Paul, Mythologist. [begin excerpt]:
Willi: Are there festivals or products that, as you say, create a compromise in the traditions there?
Douglas: I sense that there may be some but my feeling is that most of the impetus is coming from outside Costa Rica. It seems to be a kind of tourism. People come here with the desire for a mixing of indigenous and other traditions, but it doesn't seem to be a Costa Rican impulse for the most part. Costa Rica has a very small and poor indigenous population and the average "Western" Costa Rican is much more interested in a typical North American materialist value system and standard of success than with a traditional indigenous value system. There are some pockets where the indigenous worldview crosses over that I've seen, but it's quite rare. [end excerpt]
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* "Greenland is melting – the past might tell what the future holds" (2015-02-20) [https://archive.today/yLuyS]. A team of scientists lead by Danish geologist Nicolaj Krog Larsen have managed to quantify how the Greenland Ice Sheet reacted to a warm period 8,000-5,000 years ago. Back then temperatures were 2-4 degrees C warmer than present. Their results have just been published in the scientific journal Geology, and are important as we are rapidly closing in on similar temperatures.
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The "Mayan Ruins" of northern Georgia, at the ancestral homeland for the Cherokee People.
* "1,100-year-old Mayan ruins found in North Georgia" [https://archive.today/aqlR7]
Willi: Are there festivals or products that, as you say, create a compromise in the traditions there?
Douglas: I sense that there may be some but my feeling is that most of the impetus is coming from outside Costa Rica. It seems to be a kind of tourism. People come here with the desire for a mixing of indigenous and other traditions, but it doesn't seem to be a Costa Rican impulse for the most part. Costa Rica has a very small and poor indigenous population and the average "Western" Costa Rican is much more interested in a typical North American materialist value system and standard of success than with a traditional indigenous value system. There are some pockets where the indigenous worldview crosses over that I've seen, but it's quite rare. [end excerpt]
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* "Greenland is melting – the past might tell what the future holds" (2015-02-20) [https://archive.today/yLuyS]. A team of scientists lead by Danish geologist Nicolaj Krog Larsen have managed to quantify how the Greenland Ice Sheet reacted to a warm period 8,000-5,000 years ago. Back then temperatures were 2-4 degrees C warmer than present. Their results have just been published in the scientific journal Geology, and are important as we are rapidly closing in on similar temperatures.
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The "Mayan Ruins" of northern Georgia, at the ancestral homeland for the Cherokee People.
* "1,100-year-old Mayan ruins found in North Georgia" [https://archive.today/aqlR7]
Unfortunately, to prevent looters and sight seers from visiting, the local Forestry services took measures to close off the ruins, as seen here [https://archive.today/UUUvl] and at [https://archive.today/5vLS0]
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